Salivary glands - class-X

The correct answer is (c).

• Saliva is a thick, colourless and glistening liquid with about 98 per cent water in our mouth. The saliva contains chemicals like the mucus, salts, antibacterial substances and enzymes which help in the digestion of food especially starch.
• The digestion of starch into a sugar called the maltose is done because of an enzyme, salivary amylase that the saliva contains. 

Among other visceral organs larva contains well- developed paired glands called silk glands. Silk is the secretion of salivary gland.

Saliva contains bicarbonate ions, which act as a buffer to neutralize acids produced by bacteria or present in food, helping to maintain a neutral pH in the mouth and protect tooth enamel.

• Saliva secreted by salivary glands doesn't give safety against dental caries.
  
• Dental carries take place due to deposition of food particles on teeth and subsequent bacterial decay.
  
• So, the correct option is 'Give safely against dental carries'.

Salivary glands are characteristic of mammals. Frogs and other amphibians lack true salivary glands, although they have glands that secrete mucus to moisten food.

Merocrine secretion is a process where cells release products via exocytosis without losing any part of the cell itself. Both salivary glands and the exocrine pancreas use this mechanism.

In human, 3.pairs of salivary glands are present. They are sublingual , parotid  and submaxillary .

The parotid glands are the largest of the salivary glands and are located just below and in front of each ear.

Lysozyme is an antimicrobial enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls. It is found in various bodily secretions, including both saliva and tears, as a primary defense mechanism.

The average volume of saliva produced by a healthy adult human per day is typically estimated between 1,000 ml and 1,500 ml.

Humans have three major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid glands, the submandibular (submaxillary) glands, and the sublingual glands.

Glandular epithelium in salivary glands is organized into multicellular structures known as acini or secretory units. These clusters of cells are specialized for the production and secretion of saliva, rather than existing as isolated cells or simple squamous layers.

Chewing or mastication is the process by which food is crushed and ground my teeth. It is the first step of digestion, and it increases the surface area of foods to allow a more efficient break down by enzymes. So the correct option is 'Mastication of food '.