Modern system of education (british rule) - class-X

William Jones Jones set up the Asiatic Society of Bengal and started a journal called Asiatic Researches. The aim was to discover ancient Indian heritage and translate Sanskrit and Persian works into English.

The western system of education was introduced in a number of schools. In 1829, the Bengal government established an English class in the Calcutta Madrasa, which was a Muslim institution. Later English classes were introduced in Benaras Sanskrit College. The shifting of emphasis from oriental learning to western education was not received well by the people, especially the Pandits and the Maulvis.

The western system of education was introduced in a number of schools.
In 1829, the Bengal government established an English class in the
Calcutta Madrasa, which was a Muslim institution. Later English classes
were introduced in Benaras Sanskrit College.

Banaras Hindu University is a central public university located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. It is one of the oldest universities established in 1916 by Madan Mohan Malaviya and Annie Besant.

Maharaja Sayajirao set up a University in the princely state of Baroda. He belonged to the Gaekwad dynasty of the Marathas and was the Maharaja of Baroda State from 1875 to 1939. He set apart large funds out of his personal and state funds for setting up a University in Baroda for the benefit of students from the rural areas of his state

The English Education Act was a legislative Act of the Council of India in 1835 giving effect to a decision in 1835 by Lord William Bentinck, the then Governor-General of British India, to reallocate funds the East India Company was required by the British Parliament to spend on education and literature in India.

T. B. Macaulay was a British historian who played a major role in introducing English and western concepts to education in India. He in his "Minute Upon Indian Education" argued that publication of books in Sanskrit and Arabic should be withdrawn, and support for religious institutions like madrassas should be reduced. Instead, the funds should be used to introduce western education. Lord William Bentinck's English Education Act of 1835 endorsed this minute.

The causes of decline of Indian industries:

Impact of the industrial revolution

Loss of royal patronage

Loss of external markets

Coercive tactics used by the British

Indifference of the British rulers.

Banaras Hindu University is located in the city of Varanasi in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established in the year 1916 by Madan Mohan Malavya. The university's main campus spread over 1,300 acres was built on land donated by Kashi Naresh, the hereditary ruler of Banaras.

To promote higher education in India, universities were established in Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. The University of Madras, established in 1857, is one of the oldest of all three universities.

Lord Macaulay in his "Minute Upon Indian Education" argued that publication of books in Sanskrit and Arabic should be withdrawn, and support for religious institutions like madrassas should be reduced. Instead, the funds should be used to introduce western education. Lord William Bentinck's English Education Act of 1835 endorsed this minute.

Rabindranath Tagore thought that childhood should be a time of self-learning instead of him/her being enclosed in four walls and pressurised to learn curriculum. Instead, a school has to focus on overall development of a child. Keeping this in mind he opened a school named 'Shantiniketan' which included dance, music and other arts along with curriculum. He also thought that Indian education has to be combined with elements of western education which prove best to Indian tradition.

Under the Charter Act, one lakh rupees was kept aside for the education of Indians. But, the government had not spent anything from it till 1823. The Indian thinkers and the Christain missionaries launched in favour of modern education to Indians. At the same time, the Company also had different idea. It needed English educated Indians to work at the lower cadre of its offices for less salary. So it aimed at creating an educated class that was dedicated to it. Lord Macaulay and Charles Wood implemented the new education system with this aim.

The traditional system slowly declined. The new education system enabled Indians from different languages to interact among themselves. This gave impetus to the growth of national feelings. The European intellectual thoughts affected the Indian thinking in a long term perspective. It also influenced the Indian literature and resulted in various literary movements. Many sections of the society received social awakening. 

The traditional system slowly declined. The new education system enabled Indians from different languages to interact among themselves. This gave impetus to the growth of national feelings. The European intellectual thoughts affected the Indian thinking in a long term perspective. It also influenced the Indian literature and resulted in various literary movements. Many sections of the society received social awakening. 

The traditional system slowly declined. The new education system enabled Indians from different languages to interact among themselves. This gave impetus to the growth of national feelings. The European intellectual thoughts affected the Indian thinking in a long term perspective. It also influenced the Indian literature and resulted in various literary movements. Many sections of the society received social awakening. 

After returning to India in 1875, S.N. Banerjee became an English professor at the Metropolitan Institution in Calcutta. There he inspired students with the spirit of nationalism.

Mayo College is a boys-only boarding school in Ajmer. It was founded in 1875 by Richard Bourke. It is one of the oldest boarding schools in India.

Asiatic Society was founded on Jan 15, 1784, by Sir William Jones, a British lawyer and Orientalist, to encourage Oriental studies. With time, the Asiatic Society had to expand its range of objectives and consequently the area of research. One of its objective was to organize, initiate and promote researches in Humanities and Science in Asia.

On the basis of Raeleigh Commission’s recommendations, the Indian Universities Act, 1904 was passed during the period of Lord Curzon. The intention of the Government was to check the tide of nationalist feelings among the educated elite. The Act directed the Universities to undertake teaching function and  focus on their academic role.

The Deccan Education Society was founded in 1884 in Pune by prominent figures including Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, and Mahadeva Govind Ranade to promote education in India.

Lord Macaulay, in 1835, westernized education in India. English was made the official language for the government and courts and was adopted as the official medium of instruction.

In 1854 Charles Wood, a British Liberal politician sent the “Wood’s despatch” to the Governor General Lord Dalhousie. It primarily dealt with educational reforms. It recommended that the existing Board of Control for Education be abolished and the office of the Director of Public Instructions should be established in the states.  The result was Education Departments were established in every province and universities were opened at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.

In 1854 Charles Wood, a British Liberal politician sent the “Wood’s despatch” to the Governor General Lord Dalhousie. It recommended that the existing Board of Control for Education be abolished and the office of the Director of Public Instructions should be established in the states.  The result was Education Departments were established in every province and universities were opened at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.