Examples of natural selection - class-XII
examples of natural selection
Questions
Individuals with better traits for the new environment have more offspring. The given statement can be related to which of the following phenomena?
- Noe-Lamarckism
- Gene drift
- Natural selection
- All of the above
Which of the following is a result of natural selection?
- Seedless grapes
- Insecticide - resistant mosquitoes
- Disease - resistant crop plants
- Cattle for high milk yield
The inherited character long neck in giraffe is an example of
- Genetic variation
- Natural selection
- Gene drift
- All of the above
Which of the following process is responsible for inheritance during natural selection?
- Crossover
- Mutation
- Variation
- All of the above
Darwin's finches are an example of
- Genetic variation
- Adaptive radiation
- Convergent evolution
- None of the above
Which of the following defines the relation between adaptive radiation and natural selection?
- Natural selection is usually the principle mechanism driving adaptive radiation.
- Natural selection leads to adaptation during adaptive radiation.
- Natural selection causes mutational changes during adaptive radiation.
- All of the above.
Warrior ants have a chemical signal that tells other ants in the family not to attack. Some have adapted and learned to imitate the chemical signal from other colonies so they can invade and take over another colony and the workers will never know. The given example can be related to
- Genetic variation
- Mutation
- Natural selection
- None of the above
Maximum ............ increase the chance of survival.
- Variation
- Adaptation
- Mutation
- None of the above
Which of the following is considered during natural selection?
- Genetic variation
- Differential reproduction
- Competition
- All of the above
In a habitat, there are red bugs and green bugs. The birds prefer the taste of the red bugs, so soon there are many green bugs and few red bugs. The green bugs reproduce and make more green bugs and eventually there are no more red bugs. The given example can be related to
- Adaptive radiation
- Natural selection
- Genetic variation
- All of the above
The species which were not able to adapt to their environments through genetic changes to their skeletons were not able to survive. The given statement is an example of
- Skeletal Adaptations
- Coloration
- Physiological adaptations
- All of the above
Which of the following has a natural selection as principle mechanism?
- Adaptive radiation
- Convergent evolution
- Genetic variation
- None of the above
The animals having several adaptation and are able to adapt is given by theory of
- Evolution
- Natural selection
- Variation
- None of the above
The peppered moths rested became blackened by soot, giving the dark-coloured moths
- Advantage in hiding from predators
- Advantage in hiding from primary consumers
- Advantage in hiding from secondary consumers
- None of the above
Peacock females pick their mate according to the males tail. The ones with the largest and brightest tails mate more often. The given example can be related to
- Adaptive radiation
- Natural selection
- Convergent evolution
- None of the above
A total of 12 bird species having distinct diets, behavior, coloration and beak shapes inhabit a large volcanic island in the South Atlantic 500 miles from the Coast of Africa not found on the mainland. Two species are flightless herbivores. A bird found on the mainland is related to these bird species but it does not fly over water but can occasionally survive at sea in a storm. There are no reptiles, mammals or amphibians on the island, although there are many insect and plant species.
- Flight improved the ability of the species to escape predators, but impaired food gathering on the ground.
- Flight originally evolved only to escape predators.
- Mimicry is a highly effective evolutionary strategy.
- The species had greater fitness without the ability to fly.
- Flight is not an effective means to escape predators.
A total of 12 bird species having distinct diets, behavior, coloration and beak shapes inhabit a large volcanic island in the South Atlantic 500 miles from the Coast of Africa not found on the mainland. Two species are flightless herbivores. A bird found on the mainland is related to these bird species but it does not fly over water but can occasionally survive at sea in a storm. There are no reptiles, mammals or amphibians on the island, although there are many insect and plant species.
- One species lives in the top 30 percent of the tree and the other species lives in the lower 70 percent.
- One species is nocturnal and the other is active during the day.
- Reproductive isolation exists.
- The species have differing beak shapes.
- One species must become extinct.
Replacement of the lighter-coloured variety of peppered moth (Biston betularia) to its darker variety (Biston carbonaria) in England is the example of
- Natural selection
- Regeneration
- Genetic isolation
- Temporal isolation
The adaptation shown by the bacterium Pseudomonas for metabolization of nylon is an example of
- Genetic variation
- Natural selection
- Neo-Lamarckism
- None of the above
Read the following statements and select the correct option.
(i) Increase in melanised moths after industrialisation in Great Britain is a proof for natural selection.
(ii) When more individuals of a population acquire a mean character value, it is called disruption
(iii) Changes in allelic frequency in a population will lead to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
(iv) Genetic drift changes the existing gene or allelic frequency in future generations.
- Only (ii) is correct
- Only (iv) is correct
- Both (i) and (iv) are correct
- Both (i) and (iii) are correct
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Fitness is an important concept in natural selection. Fitness is most properly a property of
- an individual
- a genotype
- a species
- a phenotype
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The offspring of better-adapted individuals are expected to make up a larger proportion of the next generation. The.most likely explanation is
- genetic drift
- mutation
- natural selection
- gene flow
The peppered moth used to be a light colour with black spots. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light coloured moths were eaten by birds more readily. Within months, moths became darker and lighter moths were rare. After the Industrial revolution, light coloured moths were found in greater numbers. The given example can be related to
- Adaptive radiation
- Natural selection
- Convergent evolution
- None of the above
Which of the following traits accounts for natural selection?
- Skeletal Adaptations
- Coloration
- Physiological traits
- All of the bove
Which of the following statement is incorrect ?
- The biogenetic law stating 'Ontogeny repeats phylogeny ' was given by Von Baer.
- Auricular muscles in human beings are vestigial
- Tooth buds and gill clefts found in bird embryos are temporary embryonic structrues.
- Spiny and scaly anteaters show adaptive convergene
Choose the correct statement.
- Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable
- Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive.
- The black peppered moth during industrial revolution is related to natural selection.
- All of the above