Morphology of angiosperms - class-XI

• Poaceae or gramineae is the most economically important plant family.
• It provides staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize,wheat,rice,barley,millet etc.
• So the correct answer is 'Poaceae'

Nodulated roots occur in Leguminosae because these plants live in association with Rhizobium bacteria for obtaining nitrogen contents.

1. Nudiflora is a fungus of genus Cercospora.
2. Glumaceae is a term used by Bentham and Hooker that include grasses.
   
3. Epigyne is an order of plant which has an epigynous ovary.
4. Microspermae is an order of flowering plant refers to the size of a seed.

Vernalization is the induction of a plant's flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter. Its primary agricultural significance is to promote early flowering in plants that would otherwise remain in a vegetative state for longer periods.

Oryza sativa, commonly known as Asian rice belonging to the family Poaceae or Gramineae. Rice is the most widely grown tropical cereal, and over 400 million tonnes of milled rice is produced each year. Rice is a staple food of South Asia and a vast number of people are employed in its cultivation.

The spikelet inflorescence is seen in family Poaceae. The spikelet consists of a short axis called rachilla on which 1 to many sessile or short-stalked flowers are borne. The florets may be arranged in the alternate or opposite manner on the central axis. At the base of rachilla two sterile scales, called glumes, are present. Above the glumes a series of florets are present. Each floret has an inferior palea or lemma and above it a superior palea is present. Hence, Lemma is the inferior or outer palea.

• Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses. Poaceae includes the cereal grasses such as paddy, wheat, rice; bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and cultivated lawns and pasture.
• The mustard plant is a plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis belonging to the family Brassicaceae.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Mustard'

In graminaceous spikelet or spikelet inflorescence of Poaceae, there is a pair of sterile glumes at the base of the spikelet. The lower, outer glume is called the first glume and the upper, inner glume is called the second glume. Just above the glumes, spikelets are present which are partly enclosed by glumes. Spikelets are characteristic of the grass family.

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively known as grasses. Poaceae includes cereals, bamboos and the grasses of natural grasslands. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, millet etc.

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. It includes bamboos, cereals, grasses of natural grassland etc. It is an economically important plant family, providing cereals such as maize, wheat etc. Bamboo which is used as a building material belongs to the family Poaceae.

Poaceae, formerly called as Gramineae because it includes grasses. It is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. Poaceae includes cereals, bamboos and grasses of natural grassland. It is an economically important family of plants, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, barley etc. 

A pistil may consist of carpels, ovary, style, stigma, carpels may join together with a single ovary. Poaceae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. In Poaceae, the stigmas are 2 which are usually feathery and they are borne directly over an ovary. This is the peculiar feature of the pistil in Poaceae.

Caryopsis is a dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall is united with the seed coat and fused into a single unit. It is a type of simple dry fruit which is monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel), indehiscent (not opening at maturity). The caryopsis is commonly called grain and caryopsis fruit is characteristic of family Poaceae.

A culm is the areal jointed stem (above ground) of grass or bamboo. Typically, the culms are hollow but some species of bamboo have solid culms. In members of Poaceae family, the stem is underground rhizome in all perennial grasses, cylindrical, culm with conspicuous nodes and internodes, internodes hollow, herbaceous or woody, glabrous or glaucous, vegetative shoots are arising from the base of aerial stem or from underground stems.

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. In Poaceae, the gynoecium is monocarpellary, ovary superior, unilocular with a single ovule, basal placentation, style short, stigma (usually 2 )feathery, papillate or branched.

Wheat is a common crop that is facing many pests and diseases problem. Such as Barley Yellow Dwarf, Black Chaff, Crown and Root Rot, Fusarium Head Blight (Scab), Leaf Rust., Tan Spot, Wheat Soil-borne Mosaic, and Wheat Streak Mosaic. But gram, groundnut, and rice are also having pests and diseases but not in large numbers in comparison to wheat.

Thus the correct option is A. 

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. It includes cereals, grasses of natural grasslands, bamboos. It is the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, barley, millet. Millets are a group of highly variable small seed grasses which is widely grown worldwide as grains for human food and fodder.

Jowar (Sorghum bicolor) belongs to the grass family, which is scientifically known as Poaceae (formerly Gramineae).

Wheat and Rice belongs to family Poaceae.  The scientific name of wheat is Triticum aestivum. 

The vegetative nucleus (or tube nucleus) is a component of the pollen grain in all angiosperms (flowering plants). It is responsible for the growth of the pollen tube during fertilization.

A staminode is a sterile stamen. The presence of staminodes is a characteristic feature of the subfamily Caesalpinoideae within the Fabaceae family.

The family Palmae, which includes palms, has the accepted alternate botanical name Arecaceae under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants.

All of the above characters are seen in the pea plant in the vegetative stage 

In flowering plants, the generative cell within the pollen grain undergoes mitosis to produce two male gametes. The vegetative cell is responsible for pollen tube growth.

Stamens of Jowar/Grass are versatile. It implies that their filaments are attached to anther at a point on the connective. Due to this, the anthers can swing freely. This type of arrangement is useful because grasses use wind as the pollinating agent. Freely swinging anthers can dehisce and release the pollen grains in the wind, they can be carried to the suitable stigma.