Classification of microbes - class-X

Influenza is commonly known as 'flu' and is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness and at times can lead to death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccination each year.

Volvox is a freshwater green alga. It is found in multicellular colonies. These colonies are known as "coenobium". They also move together in colonies.

According to five kingdom classification, bacteria are placed in kingdom monera. Organisms of kingdom monera are single celled and they have cell wall made up of peptidoglycans. Their nuclear membrane is absent, have single chromosome and do not have membrane bound cell organelles. DNA is double stranded and suspended in cytoplasm (called nucleoid).

Pseudopodia (false feet) are extensions of the cytoplasm used by amoeboid protozoa for both locomotion and engulfing food particles (phagocytosis).

Yellow fever is an acute viral disease and spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It is characterized by the fever, chill, loss of appetite, nausea
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Dengue is the most common arboviral disease.
Plague is caused by the bacterium, Yersinia pestis.
Sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals and is caused by the protozoa, Trypanosoma gambiense or T. brucei.
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium, Treponema pallidum. While Trichuris trichiura causes trichuriasis, a type of helminthic infection.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

The term 'Asd' is likely a typo for 'Asci' or 'Ascocarps'. Asci are the sexual spore-bearing cells found in Ascomycota fungi, which include Ascobolus, Saccharomyces, and Penicillium.

Ascus (mother cell) in penicillium is related to its sexual development. Basidium also forms in sexual reproduction of Agaricus during karyogamy. Eglena is single cellular eukaryotes belonging to kingdom Protista. Spirula is dietary supplements which are biomass of cyanobacteria or blue-green algae. Sponges are the most primitive organisms of kingdom Animalia.

The correct answer is E.

Tetanus and typhoid are bacterial diseases caused by bacteria. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. Yellow fever is caused by a flavivirus and transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes, usually the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which had become infected by biting an infected human. Hence, the correct answer is option A.

• Animalcule is an older term for a microscopic animal or protozoan.
• Rotifers are microscopic and free-living microscopic or near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals belonging to the phylum Rotifera.
• 90% of rotifers inhabit freshwater habitat but some live in brackish water and few in the ocean.
• Rotifers are called wheel animalcules because their corona is composed of several ciliated tufts around the mouth that in motion resemble a wheel.
• Hence wheel animalcules are Rotifers.
• So, the correct answer is 'Rotifers'.

Amoeba, unicellular protozoan, outerly covered by plasma membrane, cell wall is not present. So amoeba is purely animal cell.

So, the statement is false.

Kingdom Protista is a group in of eukaryotic organisms which have a true nucleus, they are usually unicellular and the cells of these organisms contain nucleus which is bound to the organelle,  algae are one of the classifications of protista which are photosynthetic organisms that are mostly found in freshwater sources or marine lakes. Protists are heterotrophic organism & on the other hand, has to acquire nutrition from other organisms such as plants or animals to survive.