Social Forestry and Chipko Movement - Class XII

Social forestry means the management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands with the purpose of helping in the environmental, social and rural development. The term, social forestry, was first used in India in 1976 by The National Commission on Agriculture, Government of India.

'Chipko movement' is connected with protection of environment including habitat and wild life.

• The main leader of the chipko movement was Sunderlal Bahuguna. The idea of Chipko movement was of his wife and the action was taken by him.
• Chipko Movement, started in 1970's, was a non-violent movement aimed at protection and conservation of trees and forests from being destroyed. 
  
• Hence the main leader of the chipko movement was Pandurang Hegde is a false statement because of the main leader of the chipko movement was Sunderlal Bahuguna.
• So, the correct answer is 'False'.

It is "Forestry of the people, by the people and for the people". It includes raising trees on government owned lands for obtaining food, fodder, wood, fruits etc.

The Chipko movement originated from an incident in a remote village called Reni in Garhwal, high-up in the Himalayas during the early 1970s.

Sunderlal Bahuguna was a prominent environmentalist and leader of the Chipko movement, but he was never elected to the Lok Sabha.

Sunderlal Bahuguna is widely recognized as the primary leader and public face who popularized the Chipko movement.

The Chipko movement originated in the Reni village of the Chamoli district in Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh) in the early 1970s.

The Chipko movement began in the Himalayan region of Tehri Garhwal, which was part of Uttar Pradesh at the time.

Social Forestry Programme was adopted in India during 1961. It is concerned with taking the pressure off currently existing forests by planting trees on all unused and fallow land. It aims at management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands with the purpose of helping in the environmental, social and rural development.

The "Chipko Movement" has its roots in the early 1970s in the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand in India. Under the guidance of the spiritual leader Chandi Prasad Bhatt, activists from the Himalayan village of Gopeshwar formed in 1973 a human chain and encircled trees to keep them from being cut down for a factory.

Social forestry programs often promote fast-growing, useful trees like Mango, Peepul, and Neem, which provide shade, fruit, and other benefits to the community.

The Chipko Movement was started in the northern Himalayan segment of Uttarakhand. The name of the movement comes from a word meaning embrace: where the villagers hugged the trees, saving them by interposing their bodies between them and the contractor's axes. This became popular as Chipko movement. Chipko movement is a grassroots level movement, which started in response to the needs of the people of Uttarakhand.

While Chandi Prasad Bhatt was an early organizer, Sunderlal Bahuguna is the figure most famously credited with initiating and leading the movement to national prominence.

The Chipko movement, a non-violent social and ecological movement, was led by Sunderlal Bahuguna, who was a prominent activist and environmentalist.

The Chipko movement began in the early 1970s, specifically in 1973, in the Reni village of Chamoli district in Uttarakhand.

Forests cannot be conserved until and unless conservation of forests is turned into a people's movement and masses are involved in conservation efforts. With this motive twin programmes of social and urban forestry, were launched for rural and urban areas respectively. Social forestry was started in 1976 with the aim of raising quick growing multipurpose plants in common village lands for meeting requirement of fodder, firewood and small timber. This will reduce the dependance on existing forests, lead to development of new green cover, provide employment, reduce pollution and utilise the unused land for benefit of rural masses.

Social forestry is the management and protection of forests and afforestation of barren lands with the purpose of helping in the environmental, social, and rural development, specifically focusing on providing fodder and fuel to local communities.

Chipko movement in the year 1974 in Garhwal Himalayas involved hugging trees to prevent the contractors from felling them. This movement was started in March 1974 in Gopeshwar in Chamoli District and was headed by Chandi Prasad Bhatt of Gopeshwar and Sunder Lal Bahuguna of silyara in Tehri region. It was started for protecting trees. Local women showed enormous bravery in protecting trees from the axe of contractors by hugging them. People all over the world have acclaimed the Chipko Movement.

Social forestry refers to the management & production of forest and afforestation of lands which are barren or have undergone deforestation. This is done to improve the environmental conditions

The 'National Commission on Agriculture', Government of India, first used the term social forestry in 1976. It was then that India embarked upon a social forestry project with the aim of taking the pressure off the forests and making use of all unused and fallow land. Government forest areas that are close to human settlement and have been degraded over the years due to human activities needed to be afforested. Trees were to be planted in and around agricultural fields. Plantation of trees along railway lines and roadsides, and river and canal banks were carried out. They were planted in village common land, Government wasteland and panchayat land. 

Social forestry is the forestry by the people and for the people, whose main purpose is to fulfill the needs of forestry, which are - manure, food, fruit, fibre and productive capacity.