Development of Landforms - Class VII

Moraines are ridge-like depositional features of glacial tills. They are long but narrow ridge with height more 30 meters. Moraines are consist of rock materials of heterogeneous shapes and size.

Sea beaches are not the erosional feature of sea waves. They are formed due to the depositional activities of sea waves.

Marina Beach in Chennai is the longest natural urban beach in India and one of the longest in the world.

Paleomagnetic data from the Indian subcontinent shows that it was once part of Gondwana and drifted northwards over millions of years to collide with the Eurasian plate. This movement is a well-established fact in plate tectonics.

The Western Ghats are an escarpment formed by the faulting and subsequent subsidence of the western part of the Indian peninsula during the breakup of Gondwanaland. This created the steep western face of the mountains.

The presence of marsupial fossils in Asia provides evidence that these animals, now primarily found in Australia, once inhabited a broader range when the continents were connected. This supports the theory of continental drift and ancient land bridges.

Deccan Traps are Cretaceous-Eocene (3), Western Ghats are Late Cenozoic (1), Aravalli are Pre-cambrian (2), and Narmada-Tapi deposits are Pleistocene (5). Option B correctly maps these geological periods to the features.

The horizontal and vertical movements caused by the forces coming from the origin of the earth are known as endogenic forces. The origin of the endogenic force is caused by the contraction and expansion of rocks due to variation in thermal conditions and temperature inside the earth.

Gondwana land:.Gondwana, also called Gondwanaland, ancient supercontinent that incorporated present-day South America, Africa, Arabia, Madagascar, India, Australia, and Antarctica.

River $\rightarrow$ landform formed is Canyon

• Mountains are the projections from the earth's surface often having a conical peak. Approximately 24% of the land area are covered by mountains in the world. Thus option C ie 20% is the nearest correct option.

Moraines are ridge-like depositional features of glacial tills. They are long but narrow ridge with height more than 30m.