Introduction to skeletal system - class-V

Neutrophils and lymphocytes are types of white blood cells (leukocytes) that are produced in the red bone marrow through the process of hematopoiesis.

Bones and blood are connective tissues derived from the mesoderm. Mast cells are indeed modified basophils that release heparin and histamine. Adipose cells are specialized for fat storage.

The human vertebral column contains 7 cervical vertebrae in the neck region.

An adult human skeleton typically consists of 206 bones.

Bones and teeth are composed of calcium and phosphorus. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Calcium deficiency leads to bone weakness (osteoporosis) in old age.

Calcium phosphate is the primary mineral in bones. The femur is the longest bone and is located in the thigh.

The human rib cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs.

The humerus is the bone of the upper arm, not the leg. The stapes is indeed the smallest bone in the human body.

Osteology is the study of bones. Ossification is the process of bone formation. Sesamoid bones are small, round bones embedded in tendons.

Humans have 20 deciduous (milk) teeth that are replaced by permanent teeth. These are the teeth that 'come out twice'.

Tendons connect muscles to bones, ligaments connect bones to bones, and osteoblasts are indeed the cells responsible for bone formation. All three statements are biologically accurate.

The crown coating is enamel (A-2), the bulk of the tooth is dentine (B-1), the top part is the crown (C-4), and the base is the root (D-3). Matching these gives A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.

Bone brittleness in the elderly is primarily due to a decrease in organic collagen content and an increase in the relative proportion of inorganic mineral salts, which makes the bones harder but less flexible.

Bones and blood are connective tissues (mesodermal origin), serum is plasma without clotting factors, there are five types of leucocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes), and osteoblasts form bone. All statements are correct.

• The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them.
•  The skeleton serves six major functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals and endocrine regulation. Hence, Production of body heat is not a function of the skeletal system.

Skeletal muscle represents the majority of muscle tissue. It is the type of muscle, that powers movement of the skeleton. Their composition is 75-80 percent water, 15-20 percent proteins, 1 percent glycogen, 1 percent lipids and 1 percent mineral salts.

The water and electrolyte content of skeletal muscle was an average of 78.8 gm. of water, 4.96 milliequivalent (meq.) of sodium, 8.32 meq. of potassium, 4.04 meq. of chloride, 0.445 meq. of magnesium, and 3.88 meq. of phosphorus per 100 gm. of wet tissue or muscle. Hence, the percentage of water content in skeletal muscle can vary from 75-78%.

A suture is a type of fibrous joint, which only occurs in the skull. These joints are synarthroses. One parietal bone is located on each side of the skull just behind the frontal bone. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebrum.

Skeletal system is the articulation bones to give perfect shape to the body. They help in locomotion by attaching with muscles.