Health Organisations and Public Health - Class IX

Dysentery is an intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhoea with blood and mucus may be found in the stool. In diarrhea, Loose, watery stools along with abdominal cramps occur. Other symptoms of dysentery include abdominal cramps or pain, nausea, vomiting, dehydration, and fever.

The diseases which are more infectious called as a contagious disease. It can be transmitted through direct contact with infected person. It is also called as a communicable disease. 
Mosquitoes and other biting insects do spread diseases but not by mere contact. They need to insert their proboscis into the infected person to pick up and transmit the disease.
Contaminated food can cause the spread of disease but not by contagion. The food has to be ingested to cause the disease.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Food poisoning is caused either by one of a number of viruses or the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium or S.enteritidis. It is spread by contact with an infected person or via food which has been handled by an infected person. The bacterial form may also come from animals, e.g. chickens, which carry the bacteria. Whereas scurvy is caused due to deficiency of vitamin C, diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused either by insufficient production of insulin and cancer occurs when the normal control of cell division in a tissue fails. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Hepatitis is a disease often transmitted through contaminated water or food, making it a water-borne disease.

Explanation: Signs of dehydration include dryness of skin and mucus membranes, a fall in blood pressure and muscle cramps. The fontanelles may be depressed in children.

Antibodies are chemicals (immunoglobulins) produced by certain of the white cells in the blood. They neutralize or destroy foreign substances in the blood such as bacteria or their products.

A vaccine induces the immune system to fight with foreign particles. In the presence of vaccine our immune system produces memory cells and on encountering with the same virus again produces antibodies to destroy Virus infections. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Fluoride is the important mineral found in teeth, bone and joint. It plays an important role in the formation of the enamel of teeth and mineralization of bones at the optimum level. But excess fluoride in drinking water and foods causes a disorder known as fluorosis. It is characterized by mottling of teeth, weak bones, stiff and painful joints (skeletal fluorosis).

Red cross is a national as well as an international agency. Its main function is to perform activities who should prevent or remove human sufferings in peacetime as well as at the time of war. It was formally founded in 1964. The emblem of red cross society is red coloured cross painted on a white background.

A- WHO (World Health Organisation) conducts research regarding various health conditions. They are further involved in several awareness programs.

They undertake a regular survey, identification of the transmitting agent and its breeding places, arranging prophylactic immunisation and any other kind of steps to be taken to fight against the respective diseases.

The health organisations undertake a regular survey, identification of the transmitting agent and its breeding places, arranging prophylactic immunization and any other kind of steps to be taken to fight against the respective diseases.

WHO had $6$ regional offices in the world including one in DELHI. Each regional office works for its own member countries. It's headquarter are located in GENEVA.

"WHO" stands for World Health Organisation. It Is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health. Therefore the correct answer is option C.

National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) earlier known as Malaria Institute, located at Delhi is engaged in doing research on infectious diseases. It is involved in the planning of the policies and programs and supports appropriate responses to the prevention of communicable diseases.

The World Health Organization (WHO) was established on April 7, 1948.

In India, several agencies, institutions and research centres are actively engaged in studying the health problems of the country. These centres are in particular working on the following diseases$:-$

$1$. Malaria

$2$. Dengue

$3$. Leprosy

$4$. Cholera

$5$. Tuberculosis

For each such disease, they undertake a regular survey, identification of the transmitting agent and its breeding places, arranging prophylactic immunization and any other kind of steps to be taken to fight against the respective diseases.

WHO stands for World Health Organization.

RNTCP stands for Revised National TB Control Programme. WHO has recommended Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) strategy to control TB. Patients are given anti TB drugs under direct observation of healthcare providers. Systemic care is taken till the patient is fully cured. This treatment goes up to $6$ months.

All cities towns and even the larger villages have some kind of local body to look after the health and sanitation of their people. These includes municipal corporations, municipalities, town area committees etc.

Sewage from domestic, commercial, and industrial sources collected by a municipality is generally referred to as municipal sewage or municipal pollution.