Accounting procedure for not-for-profit organisations - class-XI

b'Income and expenditure account can be defined as an account that reveals surplus or deficit of a non-trading concern by matching incomes and expenses of a specified accounting period. The balance of income and expenditure account is transferred to the balance sheet. Surplus balance is added to the capital fund in balance sheet. '

Income and expenditure account is prepared on Accrual basis. Accrual basis of accounting is wherein all the expenses that are actually incurred and incomes actually earned are recorded. Its recorded when its realised and not when received.

Income and Expenditure account prepared by non-trading concerns is very much like the profit and loss account prepared by trading concerns. Both accounts show the expenditure incurred and income earned during the year. In the end balance is calculated. In Income and Expenditure account balance is termed surplus or deficit and in Profit and loss account it is termed "Net Profit" or "Net Loss".

Income and Expenditure account prepared by non trading concerns is very much like the profit and loss account prepared by trading concerns. Both account shows the expenditure incurred and income earned during the year. In the end balance is calculated. In Income and Expenditure account balance is termed surplus or deficit and in Profit and loss account it is termed "Net Profit" or "Net Loss".

Accounting equation is a statement representing a relationship between a company's assets, liabilities and its capital.

The capital for a non-profit organisation is not funded by the owner and thus has to be mentioned as capital fund. This is because capital fund is that account which records all those transactions which are related to capital nature.

False. Surplus of Income and expenditure account is added to the capital/general fund. Surplus is arrived when there is excess of income over expenditure hence it is addition to the and fund and should be added to the capital fund. 

False. Scholarships granted to students out of funds provided by government will be deducted from the fund provided by government. If there appears any fund respective incomes/expenses will added/deducted from the respective fund. 

False. If there appears a sports fund, the expenses incurred on sports activities will be deducted from the sports fund. If there appears any fund respective incomes/expenses will added/deducted from the respective fund. 

Income and Expenditure account is prepared to calculate the surplus or deficit with the company for current accounting period. The previous year transaction and the various cash transactions are not considered while preparing this account beacuse such transaction are related to receipt and payment account.

Calculation of Amount of stationary for the year ended 31st March, 2015

Subscription is a payment made to receive or be given access to certain services or information for a specific period of time. It is usually paid on annual basis. 

If donation is received without a specific purpose, it is a revenue receipt. But if donation is received for a specific purpose, this is considered as capital receipts and all expenses incurred towards the specific purpose should be set off from this receipt.

Specific funds are utilized for the specific activities only. If any sports events is organized, all expenses pertains to such event should be debited to sports fund account.

Subscription is an agreement to receive something for providing access to something. Membership fees is a subscription as a person pays money to become a member of an organisation and is usually paid annually. 

Clubs normally charge two kind of fee. Entrance fee and yearly contribution. 

Receipt and Payment account is a summary of cash transactions and starts with an opening cash/bank balance. Income and Expenditure account is like a Profit and Loss account, which is prepared for a specific period and does not carry forward an opening balance.

Subscription is the amount that is paid by members of NPO every year. It is the primary source of income of NPO. It is generally paid every month. It is the amount paid by members to keep their membership alive. An advance receipt of subscription from a member is an income received in advance. So it is treated as liability. 

The Not-for-Profit Organisations are required to prepare financial statements at the end of the each accounting period and the general principles of accounting  are fully applicable in their preparation. The final accounts of a not-for-profit organisations consist of the following: