Farming seasons and migration of communities - class-X

A Mukadam is a traditional labor contractor or agent who recruits workers for seasonal work, particularly in the sugar cane harvesting industry.

• The mukadam explains to the villagers in which areas they would go for the next six months. 
  
• He also gives them some money as loan, for their expenses.
  
• .He is a money lender and he gives work to the villagers. 
  

In the context of seasonal agricultural labor in India, both field farmers and laborers often migrate to find work during off-seasons.

Migrant sugar cane workers typically live in temporary shelters or huts constructed from dry sugar cane leaves and stalks while working in the fields.

In rain-fed agricultural systems, the availability of work is heavily dependent on the arrival of rain, which determines the planting and harvesting cycles.

In the context of seasonal agricultural labor in India, families often work on farms until the festival of Dussehra, which typically precedes the harvest or the start of the winter crop season.

Zaid crops are summer season crops grown on the sub-continent on irrigated lands which do not have to wait for monsoons. They grow in the short duration between Rabi and Kharif crop season, mainly from March to June. These crops are mainly grown in the summer season during a period called the "Zaid crop season."

A Mukadam is a traditional labor contractor or agent who recruits seasonal workers for sugar cane factories and other large-scale agricultural operations.

When families migrate for seasonal agricultural work, children are often pulled out of their local schools for the duration of the migration period.

The potential for erosion on soils under potato production is much greater than it is on soils under cereal and oilseed production. Potatoes are traditionally grown on sandy textured soils.

Between harvest and the establishment of a crop canopy of the next growing season can be a period when fields are extremely susceptible to erosion. Most of this erosion will be by the wind.

In many rural areas experiencing high migration for work, the demographic left behind typically includes the elderly, the ill, and children, as the working-age population moves to urban centers.

Till Dussera Dhanus family get work in the village. During summer and after winter season they do not work because there is no rain in rest of the month so n work in the field. With the help of new irrigation method like tube-well and canals they can work.