Components of budget and budgetary procedure - class-XII

Budget expenditure refers to the overall expenditure done by the government in the economy during a given period of financial year. It has two components 

Capital receipts are all those money receipts of the government that either creates a liability for the government or reduce an asset of the government. Therefore, capital receipts includes borrowings, disinvestment and recovery of loans. 

Direct tax are the tax where the final burden of the tax is borne by the person on whom it is imposed. These taxes are directly paid by the person on whom it is imposed to the government. For example- income tax, corporate tax etc. 

Non-tax receipts of the government are all those revenue receipts of the government that is not a part of tax receipts of the government be it a direct tax or indirect tax. For example - fees, fines, escheats, gifts and grants, interest and dividends on investment, etc. 

Non tax receipts of the government are all those revenue receipts of the government that is not a part of tax receipts of the government be it is direct tax or indirect tax. For example - fees, fines, escheats, etc. 

Capital receipts are all those money receipts of the government that either creates a liability for the government or reduce an asset of the government. Therefore, capital receipts include small savings, market loans and provident funds.

Non planned expenditure are those government expenditure that are incurred on the non planned projects of the government. All the expenditure incurred by the government on projects after five years of plans are considered as non planned expenditure. 

Plan expenditure refers to the expenditure that the government spends upon the planned programs. These plans usually have a five years duration and any expenditure above this period is not considered as planned expenditure. 

Revenue expenditure are all such types of government expenditure that does not create any assets for the government or does not cause any reduction in the liability of the government. These expenditures are mainly conducted to provide smooth functioning of government activities and related services. 

Capital expenditure are all those expenditure of the government that either
creates an asset for the government or reduce the liability of the government.
For example - Expenditure on land and building, purchase of shares etc. Therefore, these expenditure are usually development as it contributes to the social and economic welfare of the country. 

The capital budget includes capital receipts (like loans) and capital expenditure (like infrastructure development and loans given to states). All three items listed fall under these categories.