Cell Biology and Molecular Processes

• If both the medium and cell has exactly the same water concentration and thus, there will be no net movement of water across the cell membrane is known as an isotonic solution. 
• The cells remain of the same size.
  
  Hence, the correct option is B.

Hypotonic solution is a type of solution in which water concentration in the medium is more than the cell. Water crosses the membrane in both directions, but more water will come into the cell than will leave. The net result is that the water enters the cell. The cells will swell up. 

A hypertonic solution is a particular type of solution that has a greater concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell. Water crosses the cell membrane in both directions, but more water leaves the cell than enters it. Therefore, the cell will shrink due to exosmosis.

A hypotonic environment is when the solute concentration outside the cell is less than inside the cell.

Osmosis happens along a concentration gradient. If outside medium is hypotonic, it means that relatively more of water is present outside the cells in the surrounding medium and water will flow inside the root hair cells.

Mitochondria is responsible for manufacturing and supplying chemical energy by releasing energy stored in food molecules and synthesising ATP. It is called the power house of the cell. 

Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system that kill virally infected cells and tumor cells.

Bulliform cells are specialized large, bubble-shaped epidermal motor cells found in the upper epidermis of many monocot leaves, such as grasses. When water is abundant, they are turgid and cause the leaf to expand, but under water stress, they lose turgor and cause the leaf to roll or fold, which helps reduce the rate of transpiration. The other options describe general characteristics or incorrect physiological roles.

No. of amino acid in one term in α helix = 3.6

Idioblasts are isolated, specialized plant cells that differ significantly from neighboring cells and can contain various contents or have distinct shapes, such as branched sclerenchyma cells. Libriform fibers are elongated wood fibers, and stone cells (sclereids) are typically not described as isolated branched cells in the same sense as idioblasts.

Auxospore. In certain species of diatoms, auxospores are specialised cells that are produced at key stages in their cell cycle or life history.  Auxospores can also play a role in sexual reproduction in diatoms, and may be formed after haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote.

Proline is encoded by four codons: CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG. Option A lists three of these four codons correctly. The other options contain codons for different amino acids or incorrect combinations.

Axenic culture refers to a culture that is free from any other living organisms, meaning it contains only the specific organism being studied.

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a fluid structure where lipids and proteins can move laterally, facilitating processes like secretion, endocytosis, and cell division.