Introduction to clauses - English - class-X

A finite clause contains a verb that shows tense whereas a non-finite
clause contains a verb that does not show tense. The latter is often
seen in subordinate clauses, where the tense is figured out through the
main clause.
Option C is correct as the clause "to realize the scam" does not show any tense, hence it is a non-finite clause.
Option A is incorrect because "took" is a verb in the past tense, hence the clause is finite.
Option B is incorrect because "to realize" is an infinitive phrase and not a clause.
Option D is incorrect because the words do not form a clause, also, the verb in the past tense "took" is included.

A finite clause contains a verb that shows tense whereas a non-finite
clause contains a verb that does not show tense. The latter is often
seen in subordinate clauses, where the tense is figured out through the
main clause.
The clause in bold "After having spent twelve hours on the road" does not show any tense through the verb phrase "having spent".
Hence it is a non-finite clause, the statement is true and option A is correct, B is incorrect.

A finite clause contains a verb that shows tense whereas a non-finite clause contains a verb that does not show tense. The latter is often seen in subordinate clauses, where the tense is figured out through the main clause.
The words in bold "I will give you a call" shows the future tense, 'will' is an auxiliary verb that refers to the future tense. Hence it isn't a non-finite clause (in stead, "before leaving from home" is a non-finite clause as it does not show tense).
Hence the statement is false and option B is correct, A is incorrect.

A defining relative clause gives essential information about someone or
something, whereas a non-defining relative clause gives extra or
unrelated information about someone/something.
The clause "which has a dual camera setup" is a relative clause (it begins with the relative pronoun "which") and gives more information about the noun, "phone". This information does not define the phone, as it is already identified as "Neal's new phone". Hence it is the non-defining clause and option B is correct.
Option A is incorrect because it isn't a relative clause; it is the subject in the given sentence.
Option C is incorrect because this is a predicate, containing a verb "cost". Relative clauses do not contain the main verbs in them.
Option D is incorrect because this is the main clause, excluding the relative clause.

A defining relative clause gives essential information about someone or
something, whereas a non-defining relative clause gives extra or
unrelated information about someone/something.
The clause "who is my colleague and friend" gives more information about the proper noun "Jane", but does not define the noun, non-defining clauses do not define proper nouns as they are already specified by their name. Hence it is a non-defining clause and option B is correct.
Option A is incorrect because it is not a relative clause; it does not begin with the relative pronoun (who).
Options C and D are not clauses, they are fragments of the sentence without a subject in each, and without a verb in option D; they do not even contain the relative pronoun, hence C and D are incorrect.

A finite clause contains a verb that shows tense whereas a non-finite
clause contains a verb that does not show tense. The latter is often
seen in subordinate clauses, where the tense is figured out through the
main clause.
Option A is correct as the clause "taken before meals" does not show any tense through the verb "taken".
Option B is incorrect because the clause shows a tense, "will help" is in the future tense, hence it is a finite clause.
Option C is incorrect because these words do not form a clause (the subject "these medicines" is dropped out). Moreover, the phrase shows the future tense.
Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in A.

A defining relative clause gives essential information about someone or something, whereas a non-defining relative clause gives extra or unrelated information about someone/something.
The clause in bold "who want to adopt the child" is a relative clause that defines the noun "people" by pointing out which people. Hence it is a defining clause and the statement is false.
Hence option B is correct and A is incorrect.

Since "I ...enchanted" is qualified by "with the style of the writer", the qualifying clause should be placed after the former. Hence, Option A  is correct, as the given sentence is structured in that manner. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

Relative clause adds extra information about a noun by using "who", 'what", "why", "that" and other questioning words. Here, "that" is implied. Hence Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect. 

Since two contrasting facts are presented, a contrasting conjunction must be used. Hence Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not express the contrast, hence incorrect.

Noun clause is a dependent clause starting with "how", "what", "that", "whom" and other questioning words and describes a noun. Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "who..teacher" describes the man. Hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "who lived nearby" describes the doctor. Hence Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "who..Australia" describes the sister. Hence Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause describes the noun that precedes it, in the main part of the sentence. Here "who ...kid" describes "man", hence Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause describes the noun that precedes it, in the main part of the sentence. Here "which... strong" describes "lion", hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause that was new" describes the glass. Hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "which...garden" describes the red flower. Hence Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "who...goes for a walk" describes the man. Hence Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "who...cafe" describes the boy. Hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause describes the noun that precedes it, in the main part of the sentence. Here "which runs fast" describes "car", hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause describes the noun that precedes it, in the main part of the sentence. Here "who writes novels" describes "novelist", hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

A relative clause is one that describes the noun that precedes it in the main part of the sentence. Here the clause "that have happy endings" describes the books. Hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

Relative clauses are joined to the main clauses by relative pronouns like "that" and give extra information about the noun, here "Ferrari". Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the rule, hence, incorrect. 

Relative clauses are joined to the main clauses by relative pronouns like "which" and give extra information about the noun, here "Mexico". Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the rule, hence, incorrect. 

Relative clauses are joined to the main clauses by relative pronouns like "who" and give extra information about the noun, here "boss". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the rule, hence, incorrect. 

Relative clauses are joined to the main clauses by relative pronouns like "whose" and give extra information about the noun, here "house". Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the rule, hence, incorrect. 

Relative clauses are joined to the main clauses by relative pronouns like "who" and give extra information about the noun, here "assistant". Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the rule, hence, incorrect. 

A defining relative clause gives essential information about someone or
something, whereas a non-defining relative clause gives extra or
unrelated information about someone/something.
The clause "which I bought from Delhi" is a relative clause that defines the noun
"pants" by pointing out which pants. Hence it is the defining clause and option A is correct.
Option B is incorrect because this forms the predicate of the sentence (that begins with the main verb "don't fit) whereas the relative clause does not contain the main verb.
Option C is incorrect because it isn't a relative clause, it contains the subject "The pants" and a part of the relative clause "which I bought".
Option D is incorrect because this is a main clause, excluding the relative clause.

A defining relative clause gives essential information about someone or
something, whereas a non-defining relative clause gives extra or
unrelated information about someone/something.
The clause in bold
"who spoke to you on the phone" is a relative clause that defines the noun
"person" by pointing out which person. Hence it is a defining clause
and the statement is true.
Hence option A is correct and B is incorrect.

A finite clause contains a verb that shows tense whereas a non-finite
clause contains a verb that does not show tense. The latter is often
seen in subordinate clauses, where the tense is figured out through the
main clause.

Option B contains an infinitive phrase "to be", which is a verb form, it does not show any tense, hence it is a non-finite clause and option B is correct.
Option A shows a tense: "am" is a verb in the present tense. Hence it isn't a non-finite clause and option A is incorrect.
Option C option does not qualify as a clause, hence it is incorrect.
Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in B.

Non-defining relative clauses are made of relative pronouns like "which" in order to give us non-essential information about something, here the steak. Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to this goal, hence incorrect. 

The implied meaning is that on a particular date, a hot air balloon flown by two persons completed the longest hot air balloon flight. Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not express the meaning in this sequence, hence incorrect.

TH implied meaning is that the eponymous(A,) trees thrive(B) in a particular climate(D,E) where a particular factor provides optimal growth conditions(C). Hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not follow this sequence, hence incorrect. 

Since the sullen mood is an adverb for the action of giving away, the clause "when...mood" should be placed nearest to "he gave away..." without changing the meaning. Hence Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not place the qualifying clauses together, hence incorrect. 

Since "playing his piano" is qualified by "when...visited him", these should be placed close together. Hence, option C is correct. The rest of the options do not place the qualifying clauses together, hence these are incorrect. 

Since the "students ..teacher" is qualified by the adverbial clause, "When...speak", these should be placed close together, hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not place the qualifying clauses together, hence incorrect. 

Since, "which...hobby" qualifies "collecting butterflies", these should be placed next to each other. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect. 

Shipwrecked qualifies the sailors. Hence, these should be placed together. Therefore, Option A is correct, as the word shipwrecked is place in the wrong part of the clause. The rest of the options do not contain any errors in the sentence, hence these are not suitable.

The sentence as such requires no change, except the demarcation of the clauses by commas, for the word" stunts" is qualified by "which ...him" and placed together. Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not completely adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

The clause "Daniel's...found" qualifies "his child"  and "the desk...eaten" qualifies "drawer". Hence these should be grouped together. Therefore Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect.

Relative clause adds extra information about a noun by using "who", 'what", "why" and other questioning words. Hence Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect. 

Relative clause adds extra information about a noun by using "who", 'what", "why" and other questioning words. Hence Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect. 

Non-defining relative clauses are made of relative pronouns like "which" in order to give us non-essential information about something, here the delay. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to this goal, hence incorrect.