US History EOC Test

President Bill Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives in 1998 on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice. These charges stemmed from his testimony regarding his relationship with Monica Lewinsky.

Sinclair, Tarbell, and Addams were prominent muckrakers who exposed corruption and social problems - Sinclair wrote 'The Jungle' about meatpacking, Tarbell exposed Standard Oil, and Addams founded Hull House.

The Daughters of Liberty were a group of colonial women who supported the boycott of British goods by spinning their own cloth and producing other items locally. This helped the colonies reduce their dependence on British imports.

Roe v. Wade (1973) was the landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment created a 'right to privacy' that protected a pregnant woman's liberty to choose to have an abortion.

Upton Sinclair's novel 'The Jungle' exposed the unsanitary and dangerous conditions of the meatpacking industry in Chicago. Its publication led directly to the passage of the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act.

The Camp David Accords, signed in 1978, were a peace agreement between Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, brokered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter.

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in the withdrawal of the last federal troops from the South, effectively ending the Reconstruction era and allowing the return of Democratic control in Southern states.

The sinking of the British ocean liner Lusitania by a German U-boat in 1915 resulted in the deaths of many American civilians. This event significantly shifted American public opinion against Germany and was a major factor in the U.S. entry into World War I.

The Spanish-American War was fought in 1898. The conflict was sparked by the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain and the explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor.

Federalism is the constitutional system that divides power between the national (federal) government and the state governments. This structure ensures that both levels of government have distinct responsibilities and authorities.

The Great Compromise (or Connecticut Compromise) resolved the dispute between large and small states during the Constitutional Convention. It created a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.

The Mayflower Compact, signed in 1620, established a framework for self-government among the Pilgrims at Plymouth. The other options are either literary works or the name of a settlement, not a governing document.

The Dawes Act of 1887 aimed to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream society by breaking up tribal lands into individual allotments. This policy significantly reduced Native American landholdings and undermined traditional cultural practices.

Cornelius Vanderbilt was a prominent industrialist who built his wealth in railroads and shipping. Andrew Carnegie is associated with the steel industry, while John Deere is known for agricultural machinery.

The Sherman Anti-trust Act of 1890 was the first federal law to outlaw monopolistic business practices. It aimed to promote competition by preventing companies from restraining trade.

At the start of World War I in 1914, the United States maintained a policy of official neutrality. President Woodrow Wilson urged Americans to remain impartial in thought and action.

The Allied Powers in World War I primarily consisted of Great Britain, France, and Russia. Germany, Italy, and Japan represent different alliances in different wars.

A. Philip Randolph was a prominent labor leader and civil rights activist. He famously threatened a March on Washington in 1941 to protest discrimination in the defense industry.

The Compromise of 1877 settled the disputed 1876 presidential election. As part of the deal, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes became president in exchange for the removal of federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction.

The 13th Amendment to the US Constitution, ratified in 1865, officially abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. The 15th Amendment granted voting rights, and the 19th granted women's suffrage.

The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. This region is primarily located in the Great Plains, which is part of the US Midwest.

The New Jersey Plan was proposed by small states at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. It advocated for a unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state, contrasting with the Virginia Plan's population-based approach.

Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave who became a prominent abolitionist, orator, and writer. He published the abolitionist newspaper 'The North Star'.

The 'I Have a Dream' speech was delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. during the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

Jackie Robinson broke the baseball color barrier in 1947 when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball in the modern era.

The Sons of Liberty were a grassroots group of American colonists who organized to oppose British taxation and policies. They often used protests and sometimes violent tactics to boycott British goods.

Thomas Paine wrote the influential pamphlet 'Common Sense' in 1776, which argued for American independence from Great Britain.

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793. This machine revolutionized the production of cotton and significantly increased the demand for enslaved labor in the South.