Indian Geography - 2 (Gen. Studies)

Krishna has Bhima as its tributary, Brahmaputra has Testa (Teesta) as a major tributary, Godavari has Indravati as its tributary, and Yamuna has Chambal as its major tributary. This makes the combination (A)-4, (B)-3, (C)-2, (D)-1 correct.

Option (3) is the correct answer. 

The Central Asian highlands develop high atmospheric pressure during winter, which creates a pressure gradient affecting India's climate. This pressure system influences the onset and timing of the Indian monsoon by affecting wind patterns and moisture movement. The relationship is particularly significant for monsoon dynamics rather than general summer atmospheric effects.

Lapse rate is the rate of change in temperature with increase in altitude.

Correct Answer: Hirakud; Mahanadi

Sugarcane is a field crop (grown in open fields with standard cultivation practices), not a plantation crop. Plantation crops (tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa) require special conditions - shade, specific elevation/climate, perennial cultivation on estates, and often processing on-site. Sugarcane is grown annually in rotation with other crops and doesn't need plantation-style management.

Overusing fertilizers and chemical pesticides degrades soil quality, reduces fertility, and harms beneficial organisms in the ecosystem. True land conservation methods include afforestation, controlled grazing, and regulated chemical use to maintain long-term land productivity.

Transhumance is the seasonal movement of livestock and herders between fixed summer and winter pastures. It typically involves moving animals from valley floors in winter to high mountain pastures in summer, then back again. This is distinct from nomadic migration (which is more permanent) or ranch movements.

In India's administrative system, district roads are maintained by Zila Parishads (district-level local governments) and state PWDs, not by central government agencies. NHAI (National Highways Authority of India) maintains national highways, CPWD (Central Public Works Department) handles central government buildings, and SPWD (State Public Works Department) maintains state highways - none maintain district roads specifically.

Correct Answer: Chennai

This question asks for the INCORRECT statement about black soil. Options A, C, and D are correct facts about black soil. Option B is incorrect because black soil (regur) is ideal for cotton, not sugarcane - sugarcane grows better in alluvial or well-drained soils. Therefore, B is the statement that is 'not correct'.

Western Rajasthan's arid soils have high calcium carbonate content due to low rainfall which prevents leaching. The desert conditions lead to calcium accumulation. Phosphorus (A) is typically deficient in these soils, nitrogen (B) is low in desert soils, and aluminum (D) is more associated with acidic laterite soils, not arid regions.

Correct answer is (2). 

Arakan Yoma is the mountain range that forms an extension of the Himalayas into Myanmar (Burma). These mountains run parallel to the coast of Myanmar and are part of the eastern Himalayan range system, continuing the mountain chain southward from Northeast India.

Though Dhauladhar range traverses the state of Himachal, Shimla lies at the starting point of Shiwalik range.

Correct answer is (2).

Nathu La is a high-altitude mountain pass located in Sikkim, connecting India with China's Tibet Autonomous Region. It's one of the oldest trading routes and was re-opened for trade in 2006. Meghalaya, Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir have other passes but not Nathu La.

The tallest trees in the world are found in the temperate rainforest biome, specifically in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Coastal redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) can grow over 100 meters tall. The equatorial tropical rainforests have dense vegetation but shorter trees due to nutrient-poor soils, while other biomes don't support such height.

The study of the spatial distributions of plants and vegetation in their habitat

 Bunds, dams and drains are constructed to prevent gully erosion.

S waves (shear waves) can only travel through solid materials and are absorbed by liquids. The statement 'S waves propagate through liquids' is therefore false. P waves (primary waves) can travel through both solids and liquids, moving material parallel to their direction. L waves (surface waves) travel along Earth's surface.

All three options listed (Blizzard - severe snowstorm, Lahar - volcanic mudflow, Drought - prolonged water shortage) are natural hazards. Therefore, saying 'None of these' means none of them is NOT a natural hazard, which is correct.

Raniganj, located in the Asansol region of West Bengal (partly extending into Jharkhand), is one of the oldest and most famous coal mining areas in India. It has been operational since the 19th century.

Neyveli in Tamil Nadu is famous for its lignite (brown coal) mines and thermal power station. It's one of India's largest lignite mining operations. Neyveli is not associated with crude oil, salt production, or iron ore mining - lignite is its signature resource.

Obra Thermal Power Station is located in Obra, Uttar Pradesh. It is a coal-based power plant situated in the Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh.

Chittaranjan is home to Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW), which manufactures electric locomotives for Indian Railways. Established in 1950, it is one of the largest locomotive manufacturing units in India. The town is synonymous with the locomotive industry. Options A, B, and C (cotton, sugar, fertilizer) are incorrect as Chittaranjan is not known for these industries.

Majuli in Assam (Brahmaputra River) faces degradation from annual floods causing massive erosion, bank recession, and submergence, combined with increasing human population pressure on the shrinking land. Transport development (roads) also contributes, but the primary factors are floods (1), erosion (2), and population pressure (3).

Forest Research Institute is located in Dehradun.

Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops in succession on the same land to improve soil health and optimize nutrients.

Correct Answer: Tamil Nadu