Physical Geography (CSAT)

Meteor is a small celestial body which enters the Earth’s atmosphere due to the gravitational force of Earth. Meteors typically occur in the mesosphere.

In the graph, the temperature ranges from 15^o to 25^o C. So, the graph indicates wet and dry tropical region, and in this region, rainfall does not exceed 25 cm.

It is a tropical cyclone of north-west Australia. Willy originates in the Timor sea and causes rainfall in different parts of Australia.

Ionosphere is the top layer of the atmosphere. Radiowaves are deflected in the ionosphere. Ionosphere is composed of D, E and F layers. D layer is good at absorbing AM radiowaves.

The assertion is correct and reason correctly explains the assertion because due to high temperature, the atmospheric air gets heated and rises up. It cools down and precipitates while the cool air descends down to take place of the vaccum.

Both the statements are correct and the reason is correctly explained. Mangroves are found in the bordering region of tropical and sub-tropical sea coasts. Mangroves stabilise the shoreline and act as a bulwark against sea erosion.

Diamond ring is observed in a solar eclipse, only along the peripheral regions of the totality trail.

Due to monsoon drift of Indian ocean, the regular direction of ocean currents changes twice an year.

Asteroids are group of small pieces of rock revolving round the sun between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter. They are approximately 40,000 in number.

Iron ore is exported to Japan. Leather goods are exported to Russia. Tea is exported to UK. Cotton fabric is exported to USA.

Sun is the nearest star to Earth. It is 150 million kilometres away from Earth.

Mars is the only planet with similar day time temperatures and an atmosphere similar to Earth. The most relevant condition for presence of life on Mars is the occurrence of ice caps and frozen water.

Asteroids revolve between Mars and Jupiter.

Red tides are a special type of blooms which are found at the estuaries. These blooms are pigmented dinoflagellates. These single-celled organisms are able to swim short distances. 

The climatic conditions which are given in the table denote the climatic condition of China.

Anthracite is a dense, shiny coal that has a high carbon content (91%). Very little volatile matter is present in it. It gives a clean flame while burning. 

O. Schmidt in 1943 gave Inter-Stellar Dust Hypothesis for the origin of Earth and solar system.

Benguela is a cold current that flows from south to north along the west coast of Africa. Guinea current is a warm current flowing east of Guinea along the west coast of Africa.

In the given figure, ‘B’ lies between two cyclone zones ‘A’ and ‘D’. At ‘B’ marked region, rainfall would be accompanied by thunderstorms.

Cedar is found in Canada, Douglas fir is found in Mexico, Mahagony is found in Myanmar, Teak is found in Honduras.

The first light of the sunrise of new millennium in India was experienced at Katchal island of Andaman and Nicobar, which is located at 92^o30 E meridian.

All four statements are correct.

The westerlies in the southern hemisphere are called roaring forties.

In stormy weather conditions, the pressure of atmosphere varies, which causes sudden fall in barometer reading.

Aristotle in 340 BC first stated that Earth is spherical in his book “On the Heaven”.

If the stars are seen to rise perpendicular to the horizon by an observer, then the observer is at the equator because celestial equator is an imaginary circle around the sky directly above Earth's equator. 

All the statements are true about sedimentary rocks.

The basaltic rock found in Baltic sea is transported by glaciers.

Quartzite is a metamorphosed rock which was originally a sandstone. It is converted dut to heat and pressure.

The correct order of soil erosion process is splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion and gully erosion. Splash occurs when the raindrops hit the surface; explosive impact converts soil into individual particles. Sheet erosion is the detachment of soil particles by rain drops and their removal down the slope by water flowing overland as a sheet in definite channels. Rill erosion refers to the development of small ephemeral concentrated flow paths which function as both sedimentary source and sediment delivery systems for erosion on hill slopes. Gully erosion occurs when water flows in narrow channels after heavy rain and melting snow.