Questions
Nationalism played a different role in Europe in the years after the 1848 Revolutions than it had before. Which of the following is true about nationalism in the post-1848 period?
- It lost ground to liberalism.
- It became associated with revolution.
- It had the same unifying effect in all European states.
- It became a tool used by elite politicians for state-building.
Otto von Bismarck achieved the unification of Germany mainly through warfare. Which of the following is not true about the war of 1866, in which Prussia fought and defeated Austria?
- Due to the strength of Austria, the war lasted well over a year.
- Austria was expelled from the German Confederation in the aftermath.
- Prussia decided against annexing any Austrian territories.
- It resulted in the formation of the North German Confederation.
In January 18, 1871, King William I of Prussia was proclaimed to be the emperor of the new "German Empire" in the Hall of mirrors at Versailles. Which of the following statements about this new "German Empire" is the most accurate?
- It was second in power on the European continent only to France.
- It included only German-speaking territory.
- It was proclaimed to be the "Second Reich".
- Its 25 states shared power equally with each other.
National awakening emphasised national identity and developed a romantic view of ________ self-expression through nationhood.
- cultural
- social
- traditional
- economical
G.W.F. Hegel argued that a sense of nationality was the cement that held modern societies together in an age when ________ and religious allegiance were in decline.
- political
- economic
- social
- dynastic
The key exponent of the modern idea of ________ was the German G. W. F. Hegel.
- Italy
- Nation state
- France
- Germany
Count Cavour (1810-1861), the prime minister of the Italian state of Piedmont, is seen by most historians as the chief architect of Italian unification. Which of the following is true about Cavour and his policies?
- He relied on popular nationalist enthusiasm to achieve Italian unification.
- He favoured the creation of an Italian democratic republic.
- He regarded Austria as the main obstacle to Italian unification.
- He ordered the execution of Garibaldi, whom he viewed as a hindrance to Italian unification.
In Hungary, Lajos Kossuth led a national revolt against Austrian rule. In the German Confederation, a National Assembly was elected at ________ and debated the creation of a German nation.
- Kassel
- Frankfurt am Main
- Darmstadt
- Stuttgart
By 1814, the days of ________ as a global power were numbered.
- British Empire
- Byzantine Empire
- Multi-national Empire
- Holy Roman Empire
Revolutionary armies carried the slogan of "liberty, equality and brotherhood" and ideas of ________ and national self-determinism.
- Democracy
- Liberalism
- Classical liberalism
- Isaiah Berlin
The 1821-29 Greek declaration of national independence and revolution was against
- Istanbul
- Egypt
- Turkey
- Ottoman empire
With most of Europe's people still loyal to their local province or ________, nationalism was confined to small groups of intellectuals and political radicals.
- town
- municipality
- village
- city
By the end of the period, the ideals of European nationalism had been exported worldwide and were now beginning to develop, and were competing and threatening the empires ruled by
- Spanish Empire
- British Empire
- Colonialism
- Portuguese Empire
In 1848, revolutions broke out across ________, sparked by a severe famine, economic crisis and mounting popular demand for political change.
- Eastern Europe
- Western Europe
- Europe
- Balkans
Which of the following is true about the situation in Germany in 1862, before Otto von Bismarck assumed the Chancellorship of Prussia?
- It was dominated by Austria.
- It was politically unified under the Germanic Confederation.
- The Austrian-controlled Zollverein helped to hinder unity.
- It was united religiously, even if not politically.