IT Professional Knowledge Fundamentals

ATPI stands for advanced technology attachment packet interface. It is used for connecting CD-ROM to an enhanced IDE host adapter.

Except CRAY 1, all the others are super computers developed in India.

E-Zine is the same as digizine. It is basically an electronic magazine.

MS-DOS file name extension containing backup data is BAK.

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) facilitates software developers to organise and control the process of software development. It helps share a common perception about where the project stands and what modifications are pending.

BBS (bulletin board service) is a commercially used data communication network where users can send messages and get information about software features by means of direct dial modern link.

Common gateway interface (CGI) is the file name extension for a file that makes HTTP server to interface with computer programs, thereby providing interactive functions. CGI is basically an interfacing technique.

Macintosh is a series of personal computers developed by Apple Inc. It has Mac OS X operating system.

The technique used by search engines which helps in memorising most of the WWW pages by using the content of visited page for discovering other pages is called crawling.

Disaster recovery site (DRS) is a method to ensure that the processes at any CBS do not stop because of technical glitches.

Scandisk is a window utility. It checks floppy disk and hard disk and finds the errors like lost clusters and file system irregularities.

Wikipedia is the famous product of Web 2.0, which created a massive knowledge bank with the help of users only.

Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) is the service provider for GEDIS (gateway for electronic data interchange services) worldwide.

Gopher protocol is an application layer protocol which is oriented towards the designing of menu-document. It is created for searching, distributing and retrieving documents over the internet.

COMPARE is a logical instruction for 8085 microprocessor.

Leaf nodes are situated at the bottom-most level of tree. Internal nodes are any nodes which have child and root nodes; they have no parent node. So, leaf node and internal node are different. No leaf node or internal node can be root node.

EBCDIC (extended binary coded decimal interchange code) is an 8-bit code used in digital systems.

Multipurpose internet mail extension (MIME) is an enhancement of SMTP which supports text messages only. MIME supports non-text and characters other than ASCII too.

SSL is a transport layer web traffic security approach. All the others are associated with application layer.

Data mining involves searching of patterns and relations in stored databases. It is used to find the strategic information hidden in a data warehouse.

Leased lines are permanent, dedicated and high speed telephone lines that are used to connect geographically distant offices.

A cookie is a small text file placed by web browser on a computer by the request of a web server. It has information about computers and IP addresses as well as activities of the user.

BRU, BIP, BIN and TDX are control instructions which control the sequence of program execution. These are responsible for subroutine calls, halts and other control functions.

A tuple is row of a relation table other than the header row. It contains the names of the attributes. It also describes the data characteristics of the table.

Telnet has a command line interface which will assume that the resource is located in the same directory that contains the RELURL and thus, allow the user to log in from a remote system or terminal.

Turnaround time measures the time required by a CPU to execute any process. It is the time interval between the time of submission of a process and the time of completion.

Only those variables which are declared in external storage class have global scope as they can be accessed in all the parts of the code.

“strrev” is the standard library string function which is used to reverse a string.

The entity-relationship model is the most popular object-based logical model. It is used to portray data at the conceptual and the view levels.

Trunking facilitates aggregation of telecom wires/VLANs for increasing the bandwidth available for communication.

Network Information Center (NIC) is the central authority which assigns IP addresses to all the devices using internet.

Character constants are declared within single quotation marks. It may contain letters and digits. So, all the given options are correct.

The process of creating a new class from an existing class to facilitate code reusability is known as inheritance. It is the characteristic property of object oriented programming language.

Firewall is comprised of two routers and one application gateway. The routers perform the task of filtering the packets by checking against the prescribed criterion.

Binary search needs sorting of arrays and the sorting using data structure link list is very complex. Hence, it is not suitable.

POP is used to read the last value stored in a stack. If the stack is empty, an error condition, i.e. underflow will result on performing POP.

In heap, the most important node is stored at the top position. If it gets deleted, the second most important node replaces it. It is a similar concept as priority queue.

The capability of a programming language to upgrade itself to accommodate new data types which are in new format as per need is called extensibility of that language.

CVV is printed on the credit/debit card. It is an anti-fraud security feature and stands for card verification value.

“cd~” is a directory management command in Unix programming language. It is used for changing to home directory.

Nodes or hosts are the processing locations of a computer network as all the data transmitted or received by the network are analysed and processed at these places only.

Compiler is the fastest high level language to machine level language translator as it converts whole source code at a time and also keeps record of converted lines, so that it can be used in case of repetition.

TRUNCATE is a DDL (data definition language) statement, while DELETE is a DML (data manipulation language) statement.

Peer to peer network has no central authority to determine security features as well as sharing features for users. Any user can modify the data as per his/her wish. So, it is not very safe.

A PPP frame contains seven fields - FCS, control, flag, protocol, data, address and flag.

Network socket concept is used in transport layer. It is defined as end point of an inter-process communication flow which takes place across a computer network.

Clipping is the process of finding the portion of a picture that lies inside the region and requires to be taken outside the specified region. Angle clipping is not a type of clipping.

MySQL is an open source RDBMS package. All the other RDBMS packages are patented softwares.

Index stores the pointers of row as well as data stored in the row. It is used by RDBMS packages to quickly access rows of a table using the values of the columns.

Rapid application development (RAD) emphasises on short development cycle. It is employed when there is a tight timeline for completing a project.