1. Matter in our surroundings(9)

A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container, but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. As such, it is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume, but no fixed shape.

Latent heat is energy released or absorbed by a body or a thermodynamic system during a constant-temperature process. An example is a change of state of matter, meaning a phase transition, such as ice melting or water boiling.

Matter is that Physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy

Water vapor, or water vapour or aqueous vapor, is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Unlike other forms of water, water vapor is invisible.

Factual

Diffusion involves mixing of gases

The particles of gas, either atoms or molecules, have too much energy to remain attached to one other. The move by translation, rotation and vibration, but in this case the translational motion is the most important. The particles are on averagevery far apart and collide incessantly many times a second. Because of the distance between them it is assumed that theforces of attraction between the particles are negligible.

Fluids don’t have a definite shape. They take the shape of the container.

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Liquefaction, sometimes liquification, refers to any process which either generates a liquid from a solid or a gas, or generates a non-liquid phase which behaves in accordance with fluid dynamics

Evaporation is a type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase that is not saturated with the evaporating substance. The other type of vaporization is boiling, which is characterized by bubbles of saturated vapor forming in the liquid phase

With change in temperature matter changes its phase

Temperature is a measure of the average heat or thermal energy of the particles in a substance. Since it is an average measurement, it does not depend on the number of particles in an object. In that sense it does not depend on the size of it. For example, the temperature of a small cup of boiling water is the same as the temperature of a large pot of boiling water. Even if the large pot is much bigger than the cup and has millions and millions more water molecules.

Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered to its freezing point

Ammonium chloride has low sublimation temperature.  So , it can be easily sublimise .

Condensation is the change of water from its gaseous form (water vapor) into liquid water. Condensation generally occurs in the atmosphere when warm air rises, cools and loses its capacity to hold water vapor. As a result, excess water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets.

Cohesive force is the force of attraction between the molecules of the same substance. Cohesive force is stronger in solids than in liquid. Cohesive force is stronger in liquids than in gas.

Factual

The freezing point of water is 0^oC

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