GK (Indian History)

The early Congress leaders (Moderates) focused on constitutional methods, seeking administrative reforms and the development of representative institutions within the British framework.

The 1907 session of the Indian National Congress, held at Surat, witnessed the split between the Moderates and the Extremists.

Harihara and Bukka Raya founded the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336 in the Deccan region.

Sikandar Lodhi founded the city of Agra in 1504. He shifted his capital from Delhi to Agra to maintain better control over the region.

The first battle of Panipat took place in 1526. It was fought between the forces of Babur and the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, Ibrahim Lodhi.

The Congress leadership accepted partition primarily because they believed communal tensions had become deeply entrenched and that a unified state was no longer viable without constant conflict.

Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, originally known as Hassan Gangu, founded the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347. He established his capital at Gulbarga.

Prithviraj Raso is an epic poem composed by Chand Bardai. It chronicles the life and heroic deeds of the Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan.

The practice of Purdah (seclusion of women) became more prevalent in India during the medieval period, particularly following the arrival of Islamic customs.

The downfall of the Delhi Sultanate was caused by factors like weak successors, administrative mismanagement, and external invasions. The strengthening of the Hindu religion was not a cause for the political collapse of the Sultanate.

Firdausi was a Persian poet who wrote the Shah Nama (Book of Kings). It was dedicated to Mahmud of Ghazni.

Jawaharlal Nehru was a key architect of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) during the Cold War era. He advocated for India to remain independent of the power blocs led by the USA and the USSR.

The Bhakti Movement emphasized devotion and equality. Many of its saints challenged the rigid caste system and promoted social inclusivity.

Daulat Khan Lodhi, the governor of Punjab, invited Babur to invade India. He sought to use Babur's military strength to overthrow Ibrahim Lodhi.

At the time of Babur's invasion in 1526, Ibrahim Lodi was the Sultan of Delhi. He was defeated by Babur at the First Battle of Panipat.

Al-Biruni wrote 'Kitab-ul-Hind' (often referred to as Tahaqik-i-Hind). It provides a detailed account of Indian culture, science, and society during the 11th century.

Domingos Paes was a Portuguese traveller who visited the Vijayanagara Empire during the reign of Krishnadevaraya in the 16th century.

Qutb-ud-din Aibak constructed the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra mosque in Ajmer. It is a notable example of early Indo-Islamic architecture.

Babur renounced wine before the Battle of Khanwa against Rana Sanga. He did this to inspire his troops and seek divine favor for the difficult battle.

The humiliating tax imposed on Hindus in the Sultanate period was known as Jaziya.

Babur did not bequeath a strong empire to Humayun. He left behind a newly conquered, unstable territory with many internal and external threats, which Humayun struggled to maintain.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji was the founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.

Babur wrote his autobiography, known as the Baburnama or Tuzk-e-Babri, in the Chagatai Turkic language.

The Alai Darwaza is the main gateway from the southern side of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in the Qutub Minar complex. It was built by Alauddin Khalji in 1311.