General Biology Test

Plasmodium, Leishmania, Trypanosoma are blood parasite which Entamoeba lives as an intestinal parasite.

Metanephric kidney is found in reptiles. Part of it develops from the caudal portion of the intermediate cell mass or nephrotome, the remaining portion is derived from a bud of the mesonephric duct.

One gram of pure haemoglobin can bind approximately 1.34 to 1.36 ml of oxygen. This value is a standard physiological constant in respiratory biology.

Taenia (tapeworm) belongs to the acoelomate phylum platyhelminthes.

Balbiani rings are large RNA puffs reported in the salivary gland chromosomes of chironomus during larval development.

DNA Polymerase I is primarily responsible for DNA repair and the removal of RNA primers. It possesses 5' to 3' exonuclease activity and 5' to 3' polymerase activity, allowing it to fill gaps in DNA.

Haemozoin is an insoluble digestion product of malarial parasites produced from haemoglobin.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is highly heat-sensitive and is easily oxidized or destroyed when food is cooked or heated for prolonged periods.

Hashimoto's disease is also known as 'suicide of thyroid gland'. It is most frequently seen in middle aged women.

Flame cells are specialized excretory cells found in Platyhelminthes, such as tapeworms and flatworms. They function to filter waste products from the body.

Chimaera is composed of genetically diverse tissues in most cases in a plant more rarely in an animal.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) acts as a coenzyme that functions as a hydrogen acceptor in metabolic redox reactions, becoming NADH in the process.

There are three general types of restriction enzymes type I and III cleave DNA away from recognition sites. Type II restriction endonucleases DNA at specific recognition sites.

The term recombinant DNA is applied to DNA molecules produced by in vitro ligation of DNA from two different organisms.

During depolarization, sodium channels open and Na+ ions rush into the cell. This influx makes the interior of the cell more positive relative to the exterior, which remains negative.

Some codons signify termination of the amino acid chain. These are called nonsense codons. UAG, UAA and UGA respectively known as amber, ochre and opal.

IgA is the predominant immunoglobulin in external secretions such as breast milk, saliva, tears and mucus of the bronchial genito urinary and digestive tracts.

The functional kidney of a frog tadpole is pronephros (head kidney) developed from nephrotomes in the anterior regions.

In sponges (Porifera), food particles are ingested by choanocytes and then transferred to amoebocytes or thesocytes for storage and digestion.

Baer's law was reinterpreted in the light of evolutionary theory by Muller and Haeckel (1864) and named as 'Biogenetic law'.