Comprehensive Biology - Microbiology & Biotechnology

They produce beta inteferons.

Whittaker (1969) gave the 'five kingdom classification' based on which he classified living organisms in five groups: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

It is supposed to be formed by the fusion of many zoospores. Hence, it consists of many nuclei and flagella. It is called synzoospore.

Root inducing plasmid which induces profuse rooting in infected plants.

Hydathodes are specialised openings on leaves to facilitate guttation and it involves exudation of water along with some solutes as evident on examination of the fluid deposited.

It is the most common parasitic disease caused by a parasite of the genus Plasmodium.

It is not included in taxonomic study. There is no such branch.

Diatoms are a group of algae characterised by the presence of a silicated cell wall called frustule.

It is a prokaryote as it has nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

 Virus causes host cell lysis and some number of virus particles are liberated.

 Viroids are infectious RNA paricles which are devoid of protein coat. They are obligate parasites of low molecular weight.

It is correct because the plants are still found and have very less taxonomic diversity.

It is correct because imbibition involves absorption of water to loose the seed coats and activates the dormant seed by starting the life processes.

Clostridium acetobutylicum is also called as Weizmann organism, because it was first used by Weizmann.

Modern biotechnology uses genetically altered microorganisms, plants or mammalian cells in biopharmaceuticals.

Root pressure pulls the water level up and excess water absorbed during water logged condition along with some salt, is given out through hydathodes in leaves which is guttation.

It is correct because the cristae of mitochondria have the enzyme ATP synthetase for ATP manufacture.

This enzyme is very much useful to recombinant DNA researches than the other two types.

This is the major application of cosmid.

Used restriction enzymes and ligases to recombine DNA in 1973.<o:p>

Human insulin was the first recombinant medicine to be approved for use. The drug is marketed by the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly under licence from Genentech.<o:p>

The first draft of the human genome was published in 2001.<o:p>
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Clostridum tetani which causes tetanus and bacillus anthracis which causes anthrax in cattle are the only spore producing bacteria known.

Biotechnology applied to medical processes is addressed to red biotechnology. 

They are called psychrophiles.

Totipotency is the ability of a cell, such as an egg, to give rise to unlike cells and thus to develop into or generate a new organism or part.<o:p>

It infects the neuro motor cells. Hence, it is a neurotropic disease.

Algae is studied in Kingdom plantae.

All the above consists of diaminopimelic acid in their cell wall.

Vectors are genetically designed to decrease the probability of dissemination of recombinant DNA outside laboratory, because it prevents their survival in the outer environment.