Human Kidney and Urine Formation
Covers human kidney anatomy, nephron structure, and urine formation processes
Questions
The tube which connects kidney to urinary bladder is called
- urethra
- ureter
- calyx
- collecting duct
Which of the following glands rest(s) on the top of the kidney?
- Pancreas
- Adrenal glands
- Thyroid gland
- Pineal gland
Which area of kidney controls the amount of salt and water in the urine?
- Cortex
- Medulla
- Hilus
- Pelvis
Henle's loop is located ___________ proximal convoluted tube (PCT).
- before
- after
- underneath
- across
A depression in the kidney where renal artery enters and renal vein and ureter leave is called
- mesoarchium
- medulla
- hilus
- cortex
Which structure is the basic functional unit of kidney?
- Neuron
- Nephron
- Glomerulus
- Bowman's capsule
_______ are the cone-shaped kidney tissues.
- Papillae
- Calyces
- Renal pyramids
- Renal columns
The hollow funnel in the outlet of the kidney, into which urine is discharged before entering the ureter, is called
- renal papilla
- renal pelvis
- calyx
- renal pyramid
Which tissue separates renal pyramids?
- Renal papilla
- Renal column
- Renal capsule
- Renal hilus
What is the concentration of glucose present in the urine of a normal man?
- 1 mg/l
- 0.5 mg/l
- 0 mg/l
- 10 mg/l
Name the ducts which deliver urine by peristalsis to the surface of the renal papillae and into the minor calyces.
- Major calyces
- Papillary ducts
- PCTs
- DCTs
What is meant by renal threshold value?
- Volume of urine formed per day by kidney
- Concentration of a substance in blood above which the kidneys begin to remove it
- Amount of urine that kidneys can hold
- The maximum life of a kidney
What is meant by medullary interstitium?
- It is the medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramids.
- It is the functional space in the kidney beneath the individual fibres.
- It is a dense fibrous connective tissue sheath which surrounds the kidney.
- It is the inner layer of the kidney which contains some portions of the renal tubules and most of the collecting duct tubules of the kidney.
Which tube of nephron absorbs only Cl and Na ions?
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Henle's loop
- Distal convoluted tubule (IDCT)
- Collecting tubule
What is the function of Bowman's capsule?
- It reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, phosphate, potassium, urea and other organic solutes from the filtrate.
- It is the functional unit of kidney.
- It filters blood to form urine.
- It makes urine more concentrated.