Discoveries and Inventions

Richard Trevithick is credited with building the first working railway steam locomotive in 1804.

Zacharias Janssen is widely credited with the invention of the first compound microscope in the late 16th century.

Elisha G. Otis invented the safety elevator (lift) in 1852, which prevented the car from falling if the hoisting rope broke.

Charles H. Townes is credited with the development of the maser and subsequently the laser, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Correct answer is (3). 

Jean-Pierre Blanchard is credited with the first successful parachute jump from a balloon. While others like Da Vinci conceptualized it, Blanchard is the historical figure associated with its practical demonstration.

King Camp Gillette is famous for inventing the safety razor with disposable blades. This revolutionized personal grooming in the early 20th century.

Correct answer is (2). 

Walter Hunt invented the modern safety pin in 1849. He reportedly created it in a few hours to pay off a debt.

Sir Charles Parsons invented the steam turbine in 1884, which was subsequently used to power ships, most famously the Turbinia.

William Oughtred is credited with inventing the slide rule in the 17th century based on John Napier's work on logarithms.

Harry Brearley is credited with the invention of stainless steel in 1913 while researching corrosion-resistant alloys for gun barrels.

Henry Bessemer developed the Bessemer process, which was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron.

William Le Baron Jenney is known as the father of the American skyscraper, having designed the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.

Sir Ernest Swinton was a key figure in the development of the tank during World War I, advocating for armored vehicles to cross trenches.

David Bushnell built the Turtle, which was the first submarine capable of independent underwater movement and used in combat during the American Revolutionary War.

Option (1) is the correct answer.