G.K. (General Science) - 1

Gypsum is chemically calcium sulfate dihydrate, represented by the formula CaSO4.2H2O. Option C represents Plaster of Paris, which is the hemihydrate.

Plaster of Paris is calcium sulfate hemihydrate, written as CaSO4.1/2H2O. It is produced by heating gypsum.

Bleaching powder is chemically calcium oxychloride, represented by the formula CaOCl2.

Baking soda is the common name for sodium hydrogen carbonate (or sodium bicarbonate).

The chemical formula for sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda) is NaHCO3.

The standard reference for normal blood pressure in a healthy adult is 120/80 mm Hg, representing systolic and diastolic pressure respectively.

Sodium carbonate (washing soda) is used to soften hard water by precipitating calcium and magnesium ions.

Washing soda (sodium carbonate decahydrate) is used in cleaning products and detergents for its ability to soften water and remove grease.

Anhydrous sodium carbonate, often called soda ash, has the formula Na2CO3, lacking the water of crystallization found in washing soda.

Washing soda is the decahydrate form of sodium carbonate, represented as Na2CO3.10H2O.

Transpiration is the biological process where plants lose water in the form of vapor through their leaves.

The human alimentary canal is approximately 9 meters long from the mouth to the anus.

Photosynthesis requires light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, so it occurs only during the daytime.

The small intestine in an adult human is typically about 6.5 meters long, though it varies by individual.

Omnivores are animals that consume both plant and animal matter as their primary food source.

Absorption is the process by which nutrients from digested food are taken up by the intestinal walls into the bloodstream.

The average resting heart rate for a healthy adult is typically between 70 and 72 beats per minute.

Sodium hydroxide is a strong base with the chemical formula NaOH.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is commonly referred to as caustic soda due to its corrosive nature.

Carnivores are animals that feed exclusively on the flesh of other animals.

Common salt is obtained from seawater primarily through the process of evaporation, where water is removed, leaving the salt behind.

Common salt is chemically known as sodium chloride (NaCl).

Photosynthesis requires sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

Glucose and starch are both types of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as primary energy sources.

Chlorine is widely used as a disinfectant in water treatment plants and swimming pools to kill bacteria and other pathogens. It is effective at low concentrations and leaves a residual that continues to protect the water.