Indian Polity 2

Local bodies are restricted only to the related/confined areas (e.g. panchayati Raj Institutions).

Gram Panchayat is only the elected body.

<span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa="">The case for local self-government rests on the premise that <span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa=""> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa="">it is a training ground for democracy. In 1935 Phoebe Cusden wrote “ The greatest contribution of the nursery school is that it is a training ground for democratic citizens - citizens who will have learned not what to think - but how to think . . . (The) exercise in self-reliance, unselfishness and willing co-operation, which are also features of the nursery school, will go far towards producing the kind of citizen so vitally necessary if democracy is to be capable of the tasks that devolve upon it - or even to survive.

The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, upon the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that was constituted by the government earlier that year. Originally ten in number, the Fundamental Duties were increased to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which added a duty on every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years. 

The significant distinction between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles is that while the former are judicially enforceable, the latter are not so enforceable.

Religion is a great hindrance in the way of national integration. So, the main hindrance to the national integration in India is the absence of strong national consciousness.  

Andhra Pradesh was the first state formed on linguistic basis.

The judges of subordinate courts are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned state. A minimum of seven years of practise as a lawyer at bar is a necessary qualification.

According to the representation of people Act 1950-1951, recognition to a political party is one of the commision's function.

The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution of India is 552, which is made by election of up to 530 members to represent the States, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories and not more than two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the President of India, if, in his/her opinion, that community is not adequately represented in the House. 

Bahujan Samaj Party is a national party.

Expenditure of public money of india is nothing but the Consolidated Fund of India.

A Sarpanch is elected by the members of Gram Panchayat from among themselves.

Local civil disputes are settled by the munsif or local subordinate courts (if present).

In India, the Prime Minister can no longer remain in office if he ceases to be the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha.

Separate Electorate System, Proportional Representation System and Joint Electorate with Reservation of seats system are adopted for Minority representation.

Universal suffrage implies that every adult man or woman, rich or poor, literate or illiterate has the right to vote.

The Legislative Assembly controls the Consolidated Fund of the State.

In india, we have the Supreme Court at the centre and the High Courts next to it in the states. Therefore, High Courts are next to the Supreme Court and hence, they are immediate subordinates.

One of the powers of the Supreme Court and the High Courts is that of the judicial review.

All bills passed by the Parliament can become laws only after receiving the assent of the President. The President can return a bill to the Parliament, if it is not a money bill or a constitutional amendment bill, for reconsideration. When after reconsideration, the bill is passed and presented to the President, with or without amendments, President is obliged to assent to it. 

One of the important functions of the Departmentally Related Standing Committees is to examine Bills introduced in either House as are referred to them by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha, as the case may be, and make report thereon in the given time. Normally, a time period of three months is given to the Committees for presentation of report. 

The immunity enjoyed by the President in respect of his/her personal acts, during his/her tenure is an exception to the fundamental right to equality .The President of India is immune from any criminal proceedings against him/her. But, he can be impeached during his term of office. 

The original Constitution of India did not contain elaborate provisions with respect to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in India, though village Panchayats as units of local administration had been functional since the early British days. As per Article 40 of the Constitution, a Directive exists in the Directive Principles of State Policy under which the State is required to take steps to organise village Panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government. 

On the recomendation of the union cabinet the President appoints a Governer of a state. For being appointed as a Governor, a person need not be a domicile of the state to which he is being appointed.