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Soil - I

Types, characteristics, and erosion of soils, with focus on Indian soil classification

15 Questions Published
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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. The National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning is under the control of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
b. ICAR has classified Indian soils on the basis of their nature and character as per the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Taxonomy.
c. ICAR was established in 1956.

  1. a, b and c
  2. a and b
  3. a and c
  4. b and c
  5. only a
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

a. The alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay.
b. The alluvial soils are generally rich in phosphorous, but poor in potash.
c. Two different types of alluvial soils have developed, khadar and bhangar.

  1. a only
  2. b only
  3. c only
  4. a and b
  5. a, b and c
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following soils is depositional and transported and deposited by rivers and streams?

  1. Alluvial soil
  2. Black soil
  3. Arid soil
  4. Peaty soil
  5. Forest soil
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following soils is/are widely cut as bricks for use in house construction?

  1. Black soil
  2. Arid soil
  3. Red and yellow soil
  4. Saline soil
  5. Laterite soil
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following areas is best suited for the development of laterite soils?

  1. Mountain areas with sufficient rainfall
  2. Areas of heavy rainfall and high humidity, where there is a good growth of vegetation
  3. Arid and semi-arid regions, and waterlogged and swampy areas
  4. Crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall
  5. Areas with high temperature and high rainfall
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Red soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
b. Red soil looks yellow when it occurs in hydrated form.
c. Red and yellow soils are generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.

  1. a and c
  2. a and b
  3. b and c
  4. a, b and c
  5. b only
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Fertile alluvial soils in the regions of Punjab and Haryana are becoming saline due to intensive cultivation with excessive irrigation. What can be done to to solve the problem of salinity in the soil?

a. Adding pottasium to soil
b. Adding gypsum to soil
c. Adding nitrogen to soil by nitrogen fixing bacteria

  1. a only
  2. b only
  3. c only
  4. a and c
  5. b and c
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Usara soils contain a larger proportion of sodium, potassium and magnesium. What is the result of the presence of these minerals in the soil?

  1. The soil becomes very fertile.
  2. The soil becomes infertile and does not support any vegetative growth.
  3. The soil becomes alkaline and has a rich humus and organic content.
  4. The soil becomes acidic with low humus content.
  5. The soil has slow absorption and loss of moisture.
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following soil types develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau?

  1. Black soil
  2. Laterite soil
  3. Saline soil
  4. Red soil
  5. Peaty soil
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, alumina and potash.
b. Black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the rain-fed crops to sustain even during the dry season.
c. During the dry season, black soil develops wide cracks and there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’.

  1. a, b and c
  2. a and b
  3. a and c
  4. b and c
  5. None of these
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Finger gullies can be eliminated by

  1. check dams
  2. shelter belts of trees
  3. terrace farming
  4. controlled grazing
  5. cover farming
Question 12 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. The salt content in some areas of arid soils is so high that common salt is obtained by evaporating the water.
b. Lower horizons of the soil are occupied by ‘kankar’ layers because of the increasing calcium content downwards.
c. Arid soils are normally heavy and black in colour.

  1. a and b
  2. a and c
  3. b and c
  4. a, b and c
  5. b only
Question 13 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. The destruction of the soil cover is described as soil degradation.
b. In soil degradation, nutritional status of the soil declines and its depth goes down.
c. Soil degradation is the main factor leading to the depleting soil resource base in India.

  1. a and b
  2. b and c
  3. a and c
  4. a only
  5. a, b and c
Question 14 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Forest soils are are loamy and silty in the upper slopes.
b. Forest soils are coarse-grained on the valley sides.
c. The soils in the snowbound areas of the Himalayas experience denudation and are infertile.

  1. a only
  2. b only
  3. c only
  4. a and b
  5. a, b and c
Question 15 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Water erosion is more serious and occurs extensively in different parts of India, and takes place mainly in the form of sheet and gully erosion.
b. Gully erosion is common on steep slopes.
c. Sheet erosion is common in level lands.
d. A region with a large number of deep gullies or ravines is called a badland topography.

  1. a, b, c and d
  2. a, b and d
  3. a, b and c
  4. b, c and d
  5. a and d
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