General Science for SSC

Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred through a solid material, such as metal, via direct contact between atoms or molecules.

Water exhibits an anomalous expansion property, reaching its maximum density at 4 degrees Celsius.

A hygrometer is the standard instrument used to measure the humidity or moisture content in the air.

Air is a homogeneous mixture of various gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, rather than a chemical compound or a single solution.

When a horse starts suddenly, the lower part of the rider's body moves with the horse, but the upper part remains at rest due to inertia of rest, causing the rider to fall backward.

According to Archimedes' principle, an object sinks if the weight of the water it displaces is less than the weight of the object itself. Iron is denser than water, so it displaces a mass of water less than its own mass.

Concave mirrors are used by dentists because they can produce a magnified image of the tooth when the object is placed close to the mirror, helping to see details clearly.

The gravity on the moon is approximately 1/6th of the gravity on Earth. Therefore, 1200 N / 6 = 200 N.

At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is lower. Since the boiling point of a liquid decreases as pressure decreases, water boils at a temperature below 100 degrees Celsius in hilly areas.

An electric generator (or dynamo) is the instrument that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. None of the listed options (Transformer, Motor, Electrometer, Barometer) perform this specific function.

In a series connection, the same current flows through all resistors or bulbs. The power dissipated is given by P = I^2 * R, meaning the component with the highest resistance consumes the most power. Since power rating under normal voltage is P = V^2 / R, a lower wattage bulb has a higher resistance, resulting in higher energy consumption when connected in series.

Surface tension is the property of a liquid that causes its surface to behave like a stretched elastic membrane, pulling the liquid into the shape with the smallest surface area for a given volume, which is a sphere.

The refractive index is calculated as the ratio of real depth to apparent depth. Here, 20 cm / 15 cm = 4/3, which is approximately 1.33.

The retina is the light-sensitive inner lining at the back of the eye that converts light into neural signals. The pupil is the opening, the choroid is the vascular layer, and the cornea is the front transparent layer.

Boyle's Law states that for a fixed amount of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional. Therefore, temperature must be constant.

Vinblastine is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancer, including Hodgkin lymphoma and non-small cell lung cancer. It is derived from the Madagascar periwinkle plant.

Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Smallpox and influenza are caused by viruses, and dysentery can be caused by either bacteria or amoebae, but cholera is the classic bacterial example here.

Blood is slightly alkaline, with a normal pH range of approximately 7.35 to 7.45. Therefore, the statement that blood is acidic is false.

An electron is a subatomic particle that carries a single unit of negative elementary electric charge.

The kidneys filter blood, regulate blood pressure, and maintain electrolyte balance. They do not secrete antibiotics; antibiotics are typically administered to the body to fight infections.

Carborundum (silicon carbide) is primarily used as an abrasive, in ceramics, and in high-temperature heating elements. None of the listed options (fertilizer, paint, medicine, alkaline agent) accurately describe its primary industrial use.

PSA stands for Prostate-Specific Antigen. It is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and elevated levels in the blood are used as a screening tool for prostate cancer.

Chloroquine is a well-known antimalarial medication used to prevent and treat malaria caused by mosquito bites.

Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles and filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. High levels in the blood indicate that the kidneys are not filtering effectively.