G.K. (General Science) - 4

When milk is churned, the centrifugal force generated by the rotational motion pushes the denser milk outward, while the lighter cream (which has a higher fat content) accumulates in the center. This is the same principle used in centrifuges to separate substances of different densities.

Gold is the most malleable and ductile metal, meaning it can be beaten into extremely thin sheets without breaking.

Platinum has a very high density (approximately 21.45 g/cm^3), which is significantly higher than that of lead or iron.

Distillation is the process commonly used to separate and purify ethyl alcohol from fermented mixtures based on differences in boiling points.

Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal that reacts violently with water and oxygen in the air; therefore, it is stored in kerosene to prevent contact with these substances.

Radon is a chemical element with the symbol Rn and is a radioactive noble gas.

Graphite is used as the cathode in a standard dry cell (Leclanche cell) because it is a good conductor of electricity.

The liver is the largest internal organ and the largest gland in the human body.

Sodium is located in Group 1 of the periodic table, which is known as the alkali metal group.

Phosphorus is a non-metal element found in Group 15 of the periodic table.

Monazite is a reddish-brown phosphate mineral that is the primary ore for thorium, lanthanum, and cerium.

Common salt (sodium chloride) is obtained from seawater primarily through the process of evaporation, where the water is removed, leaving the salt behind.

Due to the dispersion of light, red light has the longest wavelength and is refracted the least, appearing at the outer edge of the rainbow.

Iodine is a chemical element in Group 17 of the periodic table, which is the halogen group.

Magnesium sulphate, also known as Epsom salt, is commonly used as a purgative or laxative.

Galena is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulfide and is the most important ore of lead.

Sodium thiosulphate is commonly used in photography as a fixing agent to dissolve unexposed silver halides.

Bauxite is the primary ore of aluminium, containing aluminium oxides and hydroxides.

Fog consists of tiny water droplets that scatter light. Because the size of these droplets is comparable to the wavelength of visible light, they scatter all colors, making it difficult to see through.

Nylon is a synthetic polymer created through a chemical process called polymerization, specifically condensation polymerization.

Hydrogen is the lightest element in the periodic table, with an atomic mass of approximately 1.008. Because it exists as a diatomic gas (H2), it remains the lightest gas compared to nitrogen or ammonia.

Hydrogenation is the chemical process of adding hydrogen to unsaturated fats, such as vegetable oils, to convert them into solid or semi-solid fats like Vanaspati Ghee.

Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents and ion exchangers in water purification to remove impurities like calcium and magnesium.

Cirrhosis is a late-stage scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcohol abuse.

Hematite is a common iron oxide mineral and one of the most important ores of iron. Bauxite is an ore of aluminum, and Galena is an ore of lead.