Human Genetics

This statement is incorrect, hence the right answer. DNA fragment thought to contain protein binding sequence is extracted, amplified and labelled at one end of the double helix using polymerase chain reaction technique.

They form a molecular record of the evolutionary history and dynamics of the parental genome.

Minisatellites consist of regions containing repeat sequences 16 to 64 base pairs. Different individuals have different number of repeats as mutation rate is high in these regions. Thus,  these markers show high level of polymorphism and are reproducible also.

Helix motif proteins include lactose repressors and cyclic AMP catabolite activator protein or CAP of E.coli,  and several developmentally important transcription factors in mammals, collectively referred to as homeodomain proteins. Homeodomain proteins play a major role in development of mammals.

High-resolution melting analysis (HRM) is used to find the single nucleotide polymorphism. The method is based on the technique of real time PCR. The extent of DNA methyaltion is calculated from the C : T ratio as determined by changes in temperature and subsequent release of the fluorescent dye.

This type of mutation takes place between two chromosomes and interchanges their chromosome segments. In other words, a portion of chromosome is transferred on to other chromosome.

ZNF259 where the gene ZNF259 plays an important role as a signaling molecule. ZNF259 communicates mitogenic signals from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and interacts with tyrosine kinase receptors.

Structural RNAs such as tRNAs and rRNAs are also affected. Editing can convert a tryptophan codon to arginine codon (CGG to UGG).

This state results from an abnormal swap over of genetic material between chromosomes. This swap over occurs as a chance event in the father of an affected person during the formation of sperm cells. The translocation affects the gene in charge that is SRY for development of a fetus into a male. 

A genetic state in which the fingers are unusually short in heterozygotic condition. But, this condition is lethal during early years to homozygous recessive individuals due to major skeletal defects .

It is referred to the situation in which a gene does not have a vertical origin (that is direct inheritance from parent to offspring), but comes from an unrelated genome. It is recognised that this type of transfer occurs between bacteria and has taken place between the genomes of the cell organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclear genomes.

Is used to introduce multiple mutations into the DNA sequence. Using blunt ended DNA at the site of mutation, a 3 base pair direct terminal repeat is created. The mutagenic codon cassette has a head to head SAPL site to remove all the DNA except the mutated one.

True or genomic polyploids are derived from hybridisation of parents with dissimilar genome sets.

It is a type of polymerase chain reaction but in this case DNA segments that are amplified would be random. It has been used to trace the phylogeny (is the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms) of various animals and plants.

Thermal disruption at elevated temperature increases the rate of depurination (loss of purine bases from the DNA backbone) and single-strand breaks. For example, hydrolytic depurination is seen in the thermophilic bacteria, which grows in hot springs at 40-80 °C.