GK (General Science)

BPL (Beta-Propiolactone) is an inactivating agent historically used to produce rabies vaccines. In older medical literature, 'BPL vaccine' referred specifically to rabies vaccines prepared using BPL inactivation. Malaria (B) is treated with antimalarial drugs, not vaccines; sore throat (C) is usually bacterial/viral infection; TB (D) uses BCG vaccine, not BPL.

Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) is indeed an important source of magnesium, containing both calcium and magnesium carbonates. While magnesite (MgCO3) is the primary magnesium ore, dolomite is commercially significant and widely used for magnesium extraction. Bauxite is aluminum ore, pitchblende is uranium ore, and limestone is primarily calcium carbonate.

Bauxite is the primary ore from which aluminum is extracted through the Bayer process and Hall-Heroult process.

Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity, which helps water move up plant stems.

Ships typically use a propeller to convert rotational energy into thrust to move through the water.

Silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals, making it the standard for comparison.

BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccine is specifically used to prevent tuberculosis, not cure it. The question says 'cured by' which is technically incorrect since vaccines prevent disease rather than cure existing infections. However, BCG is indeed associated with tuberculosis treatment.

Lactic acid is the primary organic acid found in milk, produced by the fermentation of lactose by bacteria. Citric acid is found in citrus fruits, butyric acid in butter, and acetic acid in vinegar.

Limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), making it a major ore or source of calcium. Bauxite is an ore of aluminium, pitchblende is an ore of uranium, and dolomite contains both calcium and magnesium.

Soap molecules reduce the surface tension of water, allowing it to penetrate fabrics and lift dirt more effectively. This reduction in surface tension is the fundamental principle behind the cleaning action of surfactants.

Bernoulli's principle states that as the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Airplane wings are shaped to create higher air speed over the top, resulting in lower pressure above the wing and generating lift.

Lead is a poor conductor of heat compared to metals like silver, gold, and aluminium. Silver is actually one of the best thermal conductors among all metals.

Petrol engines (spark-ignition engines) rely on a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture. Diesel engines, by contrast, use compression ignition.

Diesel engines operate on the principle of compression ignition, where air is compressed to a high temperature, causing the injected fuel to ignite spontaneously. They do not use spark plugs.

Pitchblende is a radioactive, uranium-rich mineral ore. Bauxite is for aluminium, and limestone is for calcium.

Chloroquine (commonly misspelled as chloroquin) is an antimalarial drug used to treat and prevent malaria. It works by interfering with malaria parasite's ability to digest hemoglobin. It is not used for rabies, sore throat, or tuberculosis.

Gold is the most malleable metal, meaning it can be hammered into extremely thin sheets without breaking. It is significantly more malleable than silver, lead, or aluminium.

Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, making up about 8 percent of its weight. Silver, gold, and lead are much rarer.

Vinegar is essentially a dilute solution of acetic acid. The other acids listed are found in different substances.

Citric acid is the primary acid responsible for the sour taste of lemons and other citrus fruits.

Gravitational force is the primary driver for the formation of stars, as it causes clouds of gas and dust to collapse inward until nuclear fusion begins.

Penicillin is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those that cause sore throats (like streptococcal pharyngitis).

Butyric acid is produced when butter goes rancid, giving it a characteristic unpleasant smell. The name is derived from the Latin word for butter, butyrum.

A normal resting human heartbeat takes approximately 0.8 seconds, which corresponds to a heart rate of about 75 beats per minute.