NTSE/CBSE (Social Science) - 2

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain (specifically England) in the late 18th century. Factors like access to coal, iron, and a vast colonial empire facilitated this transition to new manufacturing processes.

The President of India previously nominated 2 members from the Anglo-Indian community to the Lok Sabha. Note that this provision was discontinued by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act in 2019.

The Open Door Policy was proposed by the United States in 1899 to ensure that all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. It was initiated by US Secretary of State John Hay to prevent any single power from monopolizing Chinese trade.

Ozone (O3) in the stratosphere absorbs the majority of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation, protecting life on Earth. Helium, Nitrogen, and other gases do not have this specific protective function.

The Yamuna River is the largest tributary of the Ganga and meets it at the Triveni Sangam in Allahabad (officially Prayagraj).

Coal is an organic sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation and preservation of plant materials over millions of years. Granite is igneous, and Marble is metamorphic.

Smog is a type of air pollution resulting from the mixture of smoke and fog, which is most commonly generated by industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust in urban or industrial areas.

Immigration refers to the act of people moving into a country to live permanently. Emigration is the act of leaving one's own country.

A hygrometer is the standard instrument used to measure the humidity or moisture content in the air. A thermometer measures temperature, and a barometer measures atmospheric pressure.

Bison are large, even-toed ungulates in the genus Bison within the family Bovidae, which also includes buffalo and cattle. They are most closely related to buffalo.

The summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere occurs on June 21, marking the longest day of the year.

The Neolithic Revolution, which involved the transition to agriculture, began in the Fertile Crescent of Western Asia.

Taxonomy is the branch of science concerned with the classification of organisms. Ecology is the study of organisms and their environment, and Geology is the study of the Earth.

Copper was the first metal discovered and used by humans, marking the beginning of the Chalcolithic or Copper Age.

The Aztec sacred calendar, known as the Tonalpohualli, consisted of 260 days, organized into 20 months of 13 days each.

Historians generally estimate the arrival of the Indo-Aryan people in the Indian subcontinent to be around 1500 B.C.

While Akbar and other rulers attempted to discourage the practice of Sati, Aurangzeb is also noted in historical texts for issuing decrees against it during his reign.

Urdu emerged as a distinct language in India during the Medieval period, evolving from a synthesis of Persian, Arabic, and local dialects like Khari Boli.

The British Parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765, which imposed a direct tax on the American colonies.

The Panchayati Raj system was formally inaugurated in India on October 2, 1959, in Nagaur, Rajasthan.

Article 17 of the Indian Constitution explicitly abolishes the practice of untouchability.

According to the Indian Constitution, the Chief Minister of a state is appointed by the Governor of that state.

The judiciary is an independent organ of the state meant to interpret laws, not a device for shaping public opinion. The press and cinema are common tools used to influence public opinion.