NTSE/CBSE (Social Science) - 1

Digboi Refinery in Assam is the oldest operating oil refinery in India and one of the oldest in the world, established in 1901. It was set up by the Assam Oil Company.

Sovereignty refers to the supreme power or authority of a state to govern itself without any external interference. It signifies absolute independence in both internal and external affairs.

The Russo-Japanese War took place from 1904 to 1905. It was a conflict over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea, ending with a Japanese victory.

The Nhava Sheva port, located near Mumbai, was renamed the Jawaharlal Nehru Port. The option provided contains a typo/garbled name.

The Constitution of India was adopted on November 26, 1949, but it officially came into force on January 26, 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day.

Kerala has the highest road density in India, meaning it has the most kilometers of road per square kilometer of land area. This is largely due to the state's high population density and distributed settlement patterns.

The river Ganga originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas.

China is the world's largest producer of tobacco, followed by other nations like India and Brazil.

Jute fiber is extracted from the stem of the jute plant, specifically the bast fibers.

The Panna diamond mines are located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.

The first modern cotton textile mill in India, the Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company, was established in Mumbai in 1854.

Kerala consistently records the highest sex ratio among all Indian states according to census data.

The Wheel and Axle Plant of the Indian Railways is located in Yelahanka, Bangalore.

The partition of Bengal was announced by Lord Curzon in 1905.

The Xinhai Revolution, which overthrew the Qing dynasty, broke out in 1911.

According to the 2001 Census, India's population was approximately 16.7 percent of the total world population.

Burma (now Myanmar) gained its independence from British colonial rule on January 4, 1948.

The Indus Valley Civilization is known for the Pashupati seal, which depicts a figure often interpreted as a proto-Shiva or Pashupati. Varuna and Indra are Vedic deities, not associated with the Indus Valley period.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to reform Hindu society and promote monotheism. It was a significant movement in the Bengal Renaissance.

The Rowlatt Act, officially the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in March 1919. It allowed the government to detain political prisoners without trial.

The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, commonly known as 9/11, occurred on September 11, 2001.

In the context of the Russian Revolution, the Duma was the legislative assembly or parliament established by the Tsar, which later became an elected body.

Benito Mussolini founded the National Fascist Party in Italy and rose to power in 1922. Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party in Germany.

The Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is a major irrigation project constructed across the Krishna River in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh/Telangana.