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Critical Reasoning Test 5

Critical Reasoning Tests - Free Online Reasoning Tests for MBA Entrance, MCA Entrance, Bank PO, CDS, SSC, Law and Clerical Exams SBI Clerks Preparations, GK Online Preparation and Practice Tests

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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

A recent survey of those entering the IIMs casts doubt on the generally accepted theory that most of the students accepted into IIMs were from engineering background instead it postulated that the people coming with 2 or more years of experience in industry constituted the majority of them. But a close scrutiny of the findings, demonstrated, with the trends indicating that about 75% of the new entrants among experienced professionals had come from engineering background.

Which of the following is a logical conclusion of the passage above?

  1. The selection committee of IIMs prefers engineering graduates to those from non-engineering background.
  2. More and more people with experience coming from engineering background are making it to the IIMs.
  3. Doctors need not apply for the admission to IIMs because they are never selected.
  4. The study is malicious attempt designed to make a psychological impact on the students preparing for the exam.
  5. None of these
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows it.

In the recent advertising industry awards, the Nirma washing powder campaign was awarded for being the best campaign ever undertaken in the Indian industry and owes its influence to its ability to reach the masses. The architect of this successful campaign said that the most important rule of advertising is, that it is rarely necessary to say something about the product being sold in an advertisement in order to boost sales. Rather, one only needs to attract the attention of the potential customer, memory does the rest.

Which of the following statements is assumed by the passage?

  1. People can remember a product without having much information about it.
  2. The Nirma advertising campaign helped in improving the memory of people.
  3. Reaching to the masses is very simple these days due to TV's high potential for reaching out to people.
  4. Nirma was, in fact, a very bad product that was marketed by a very good campaign.
  5. None of these
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

The judicial system should take a clue from thefollowing report and take urgent corrective measures. There has been a startling revelation in the recent report released by Amnesty International, which says that now the first time criminals who are sent to prison for cases of petty crimes are more likely to return to prison for more serious crimes than had been ever before.

Which of the following is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the statements above?

  1. First time criminals should be left with rebuke and not sent to jail.
  2. All the criminals should be kept under severe observations.
  3. Penalty is sometimes a poor solution to correct people.
  4. Crime rate has substantially increased in previous years.
  5. None of these
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Ambulances may soon become a vehicle of past with the increasing incursion of helicopters in the area previously under domain of transferring of emergency cases safely and speedily from one place to another. Because of the utility of helicopters, many hospitals have decided to obtain them and use them instead of ambulances.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the rationale behind the hospitals' plan to procure helicopters?

  1. Being very costly, not many hospitals can afford to use helicopters instead of ambulances.
  2. The space required for a helicopter to land and take off is not always available.
  3. There is lack of pilots trained to fly helicopters.
  4. The physical stress that helicopter places on fragile body of most of the patients is highly undesirable.
  5. None of these
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

The Constitution of the country says that any militant captured should be immediately handed over to the army for further investigation. The Police Act states that any person under its custody should be handed only after getting permission from the courts.

Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?

  1. The Constitution of country should be amended to confirm with the police act.
  2. If a militant is captured by the police force, then there is conflict between the further course of action as in case immediate custody of the person is demanded by army.
  3. The police act should be amended to confirm with Constitution of country.
  4. Since the two rules are in conflict, a legal precedent must be established.
  5. None of these
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

The recent showdown between India and Pakistan as an aftermath of attack on Indian Parliament had an immense impact on the economies of the two countries. The total annual spending on arms by the two countries before the attack on parliament was about US$15 Billion and after the standoff at border it stood at a staggering US $35 Billon.

The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?

  1. The arms suppliers from USA and Israel benefited the most from sale of these arms.
  2. Annual spending of US$15 Billion on defence is not enough to be considered high for India and Pakistan.
  3. Armed conflicts generally stimulate a nation’s economy.
  4. The amount spent by countries on arms is representative of all the sectors of economies of the countries.
  5. None of these
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

In ancient Indian kingdoms, huge and magnificent temples were built with different scenes from the lives of gods presented in the form of paintings or carvings on the surface of the temples. Like religious books Ramayana and Mahabharata, they related stories of important events, depicted gods, and functioned as a record to present stories and actions of gods for general public who could not read the scriptures.

The author of this passage makes his point by

  1. comparing something unknown now with something more familiar to his readers
  2. citing examples to illustrate a desired conclusion
  3. stating his opinion and explaining why he holds it
  4. expressing as fact something that is merely an opinion
  5. None of these
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

A kite is a decorated craft made of paper and cloth, and coloured stripes are used to make different designs on its surface. It is used as a pastime, with people of all age groups flying it. This particular kite was made in Gujarat. I know this for a fact since I bought it in the Gujarat Handicraft Emporium on my most recent trip to Ahmedabad.

Which of the following, if true, would lend strongest support to the conclusion that the author’s kite was made in Gujarat?

  1. All of the kites built in the past two years were built in Gujarat.
  2. The paper from which the kite is made is made from a kind of grass that grows only in Gujarat.
  3. Gujarat is by far the world’s largest producer of kites.
  4. Gujarat has never in its history imported kites.
  5. None of these
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Although the phenomenon of global warming was previously thought to have been prevalent in Antarctic region only, but findings reported by an expedition of Russian scientists to Arctic region have found that there has been considerable decrease in the ice sheets in these parts of the world, which are mainly attributed to as a direct result of global warming. This can help us in concluding that even the Arctic Circle is now under the influence of global warming.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion of the argument above?

  1. The Antarctic Circle region is exhibiting a marked decrease in the rate of decrease in ice sheets.
  2. The temperature around the world has been increasing at a steady rate every year.
  3. There has been an increase in number of polluting units in the Northern Hemisphere, which are known to help aid in the phenomenon of Global Warming.
  4. Many reasons previously thought to have no effect on melting of Polar ice sheets are now considered to cause it.
  5. None of these
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)
In a recent decision made by Cabinet in state of Karnataka, it has been decided to import rubber plants from Malaysia because both the places have same kind of temperature, sunshine and climate. This action, they claim, shall help in making Karnataka a leading producer and exporter of rubber in the country. But several scientists at the prestigious Annamalai University have opposed the move because they feel it shall be a wastage of funds and the proposed introduction of crop shall end up as a failure.

<span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Which of the following would be most useful in explaining the sentence taken by scientists?

  1. The state’s climate is far too harsh for the animals that normally feed on rubber plants.
  2. After every four years, the monsoon fails, thereby causing loss to all kinds of crops grown in Karnataka.
  3. The composition of soil required to grow rubber plant is not available in Karnataka.
  4. Sufficient amount of land required to support rubber plantations is not available.
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

A well-known phrase says 'Best of the friends make the worst of the Enemies'.

Which of the following is the most reliable conclusion to be drawn from the above provided phrase?

  1. The enmity of people arises from their friendship.
  2. If best friends become enemies they are very dangerous towards each other.
  3. Enmity and friendship are two sides of the same coin.
  4. Lack of friendship between different individuals becomes cause of their enmity.
Question 12 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

In the year 2000, university students devoted more time to research work, per month, than they did in 1999. Undergraduate students, however, spent less time per month on their research work in 2000 than they did in 1999.

Which of the following can be validly concluded from the information above?

  1. Professors assigned more research work in 2000 than they did in 1999.
  2. Graduate students devote more time to their research work than do undergraduate students.
  3. The amount of time devoted to research work by Graduate students increased from 1999 to 2000.
  4. There were more University students in 2000 than there were in 1999.
  5. None of these
Question 13 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)
All the research reports, complete in all respects, for the projects must be submitted to the department of plant research by June 15 to be considered for the award of PHD by the department. The Dean of Academic Affairs never considers the research reports for projects which haven’t been conducted under the supervision of university faculty and at university premises.

<span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true?

  1. The projects, which have been conducted at the university under visiting professors, will be considered for the PHD.
  2. The university does not prefer its students doing the research work at facilities other than those available at its campus.
  3. Any project report received by department a month before the deadline is sure to be awarded the PHD degree.
  4. A project report conducted at another university that is received by the June 15 deadline will not be considered by the department.
Question 14 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)
Some scientists have claimed that virtually all the cases of Cancer occur due to the presence of bad genes in the body of those persons, while many other are of belief that a significant portion of Cancer cases represent those who have unhealthy lifestyle and incorrect diet habits. In fact we cannot ignore that most of the cases of blood cancer are attributed to the presence of bad genes affecting the blood stream, on other hand case of mouth cancer is universally attributed to chewing tobacco and smoking. What cannot yet be determined is the relative importance of each of the attributed factors, which cause cancer.

Which of the following best expresses the author's main point?

  1. Cancer is a result of both presence of bad genes and unhealthy lifestyle.
  2. Cancer is a disease which can occur randomly in all individuals.
  3. The primary cause of Cancer is the direct result of bad genes present in human body.
  4. The cause of Cancer varies from one category of Cancer to another.
Question 15 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)
Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel’s years in a prison during struggle for independence had little impact on his writing. A comparison of Patel’s pre-imprisonment novels with the short stories he published in the years following his release shows a continuity of ideas, representation and approach.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the conclusion drawn above?

  1. Sardar Patel wrote nothing during his imprisonment.
  2. The comparison was made between two different literary forms.
  3. The short stories were written prior to Sardar Patel’s imprisonment.
  4. Sardar Patel was opposed to writings of his contemporaries.
Question 16 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Nobody who wanted to buy tickets to the benefit concert had ever seen the Carnatic musician performance. Because of high demand, only people who had never seen the Carnatic musician performance were able to buy tickets for the benefit concert. So everyone who wanted to buy a ticket to the concert was able to

In order for this argument to be logically correct, it must also be true that

  1. The people planning the concert wanted to give the Carnatic musician exposure to a new audience.
  2. The concert was held in a hall large enough to accommodate the demand.
  3. Everyone who wanted to buy a ticket dd not believe in the cause for which the benefit concert was held.
  4. Everyone who wanted to buy a ticket believed in the cause for which the benefit concert was held.
  5. None of these
Question 17 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Red ants have evolved a sophisticated defense mechanisms against various predators that raid their colonies. For example, worker ants detect a raiding ant from a rival colony at the entrance to their colony, the worker ants release warning signals which cause other ants to swarm around and sting the intruder. This makes it difficult to understand why when a swallow, which sometimes eats red ants, is detected just at the entrance to colony, no swarm-inducing signal is produced.

Which of the following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of the behavior of red ants as it is described above?

  1. A raiding ant must be stung many times by red ants before it die
  2. Swallows do not eat many ants in quick succession and never enter the colony
  3. A raiding ant must be stung fewer times than a swallow before it dies
  4. Swallows fly away as soon as it detects swarm inducing signal
  5. None of these
Question 18 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

In 1950, the population of Ludhiana city was about 75,000, with only about 1000 of its inhabitants being non-Punjabis. In recent census of 1991, however, it was found that population of the city has increased to over 20,00,000 with nearly three fourth of its inhabitants coming from outside Punjab.

If the statements above are true, all of the following statements concerning Ludhiana could also be true EXCEPT

  1. The number of Punjabis moving from other areas to Ludhiana decreased
  2. The punjabi population increased and so did the number of non-Punjabis coming from outside Punjab in the city of Ludhiana
  3. The punjabi population decreased and so did the number of Punjabi moving from outside Ludhiana to Ludhiana
  4. The Punjabi population decreased and the rate of Punjabis settling down in Ludhiana remained the same as that of non-Punjabis
  5. None of these
Question 19 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows it.

Historians have usually believed that the British introduced Christianity in India. But recent findings by archaeologists clearly show that the advent of Christianity possibly pre-dates the arrival of British in India.

Which of the following provides the best evidence for the author’s conclusion?

  1. Carbon dating of the skeletons found in a graveyard containg graves bearing the cross has been found in region around the Malabar Coast with the skeleton about 800 years old.
  2. Portuguese explorers who came to India also professed Christianity.
  3. There is a healthy concentration of Christian population around the Malabar region.
  4. Christian missionaries went to different parts of the world in the 15th century.
  5. None of these
Question 20 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

The National Electricity Grid Act, which comes into effect next May, will be good for state electricity boards because it will eliminate the electricity losses occurring due to existing problems in transfer of surplus electricity efficiently from one state to another. The act will also help streamline the tariff levied by National Grid Corporation on each of state electricity boards. Also as an incentive, government has announced a partial subsidy for the electricity being bought from National Grid by State Electricity Boards. This will lead to savings of 10 percent for each of the state electricity board. These savings can be passed along to customers, thereby promoting higher sales and profits.

Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument that the National Electricity Grid Act will be good for State Electricity Boards?

  1. Per capita consumption of electricity has steadily increased over the last two years and is expected to increase this year even without the National Electricity Grid Act.
  2. Many State Electricity boards will not pass on to consumers all of the savings from the incentive announced by Government.
  3. The National Electricity Grid Act includes an additional 20 percent tax on electricity sold to consumers.
  4. The consumption of electricity produced from domestic power plants in power-deficient states is expected to fall as a result of the National Electricity Grid Act.
  5. None of these
Question 21 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows it.

Archaeologists have discovered various paintings on the walls and ceiling of a cave found in the Andaman Islands. The entrance of the cave had been blocked by an earthquake in the 5th century BC and was only recently cleared by another earthquake. Since someone had to paint the paintings, archeologists have concluded that people lived on these islands since time earlier than the 5th century.

Which of the following pieces of additional evidence would most seriously weaken the archaeologists’ conclusion?

  1. Later, another entrance of the cave was found which was not blocked by the earthquake.
  2. Archaeologists have evidence that people were living in neighbouring Nicobar Islands since the 5th century BC.
  3. Alternative methods of dating place the time of the earthquake somewhat earlier at around 4th century BC.
  4. Many experts believe that people arrived at these islands not until the 6th century AD.
  5. None of these
Question 22 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows it.

What we call International law is simply the sum total of the treaties and unofficial agreements between countries. These agreements can be simply ignored at will by the parties involved. Laws are rules that are to be followed only when and where it is convenient to do so.

Which of the following assumptions is essential to the argument above?

  1. An authorised International Court of Justice could effectively enforce international law.
  2. Laws cannot be enforced.
  3. Most countries willingly violate treaties when it is in their interest to do so.
  4. The questions of crimes and frauds should be decided only on the basis of the present location of criminal and in accordance to that country’s national laws and policies.
  5. None of these
Question 23 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Why stop students from cheating? For most of the students, cheating is just another part of their studies, which is not taught by the teachers, but which they learn by themselves. This view of children towards education is very bad and needs to be changed. The parents and the teachers should make it a point to discuss the ill effects of this practice with children. They should know that if cheating was promoted, no individuality or progress would have taken place. How would have new inventions and technologies been developed? Therefore, in order to make a successful long term career, children should refrain from cheating.

The point of the passage is made chiefly by

  1. acknowledging the validity of two opposing points of view
  2. appealing to the emotions of the audience rather than to their intellects
  3. suggesting a useful perspective for viewing the question raised at the beginning of the passage
  4. trying to discredit the view of an opponent without presenting an alternative hypothesis
  5. None of these
Question 24 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows it.

Only an MP from XYZ region would oppose the bill for population control law that aims to help control the burgeoning population of the country. Mr. R. P. Singh cannot be the MP from that XYZ region because he supports the bill.

Which of the following statements points out why the conclusion is invalidly drawn?

  1. MPs have opposed several other bills aimed at health of general public.
  2. Population control may not be beneficial for the XYZ area.
  3. Past attempts to pass the bills have failed in Parliament.
  4. It is possible that some MPs from XYZ region may not oppose the bill for population control law.
  5. None of these
Question 25 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Rashmi was born in 1989 and in 1998, she was nine years old. It is clear from this example that the last two digits of a person’s birth year will be the same as the last two digits of the year of that person’s 9th birthday, except that the position of the digits will be reversed.

Which of the following is the best criticism of the assertions made?

  1. This generality is valid only for the birth years that do not end in two zeroes.
  2. The example above does not exhibit the same principle as is expressed in the generality based on it.
  3. The generalisation is valid only for those years of birth in which the last digit is one greater than the second last digit.
  4. The example cannot be shown to be correct unless the truth of the generality is already presupposed.
  5. None of these
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