Why do we fall ill-1

Typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera are all bacterial diseases caused by Salmonella typhi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Vibrio cholerae respectively. Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by the dengue virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, making it the only non-bacterial option listed.

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a well-known sexually transmitted disease caused by the HIV virus.

Chronic diseases are characterized by their long duration, often lasting for months or years, unlike acute diseases which are short-lived.

HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as handshaking, hugging, or sharing utensils.

According to the WHO definition, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.

Genetic, hormonal, and organ malfunctions are internal factors. An inadequate diet is an external factor related to lifestyle and environment.

Penicillin is a classic antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against many bacterial infections.

In sickle-cell anemia, the hemoglobin mutation causes red blood cells to take on a rigid, sickle-like shape under low oxygen conditions.

Malaria is caused by a protozoan parasite (Plasmodium), not by bacteria.

The deficiency of growth hormone causes a condition known as dwarfism.

A defective gene is an inherent part of an individual's biological makeup, making it an internal factor affecting health.

Drinking milk is a healthy habit that provides essential nutrients, unlike the other options which are detrimental to health.

Infectious diseases are those caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can spread from one host to another.

Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Persistent anxiety indicates a lack of mental well-being, thus the person is considered unhealthy.

Compared to bacteria and viruses, which multiply very rapidly, worms (multicellular parasites) have a much slower reproductive and growth cycle.

Vectors are organisms, such as mosquitoes or ticks, that transmit pathogens from an infected host to a new host.

Health and disease are opposite states of being, making them antonyms.

Chronic diseases are long-term conditions that persist for a long time and often result in ongoing poor health.

Hygienic surroundings minimize exposure to pathogens and vectors, which is essential for maintaining good health.

Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, not by a virus.

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in genes responsible for blood clotting factors, not by the malfunctioning of an organ. Myopia, kidney failure, and cardiac failure are all conditions resulting from the improper function of specific body organs or systems.

Good health promotes happiness, efficiency, and social harmony. A miserable society is the opposite of the positive outcomes associated with health.

Personal health depends on the community environment (sanitation, disease control), and community health depends on the health of the individuals within it. Therefore, they are interdependent.

A disease is identified by the physical or mental changes it causes in the body, which are known as symptoms. Causes are the origin of the disease, while the cure is the treatment.

AIDS is transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood or sexual contact, not through the air. Common cold, pneumonia, and tuberculosis are all respiratory infections that spread via airborne droplets.

Chronic diseases are long-term conditions that persist for a long time, often for years or a lifetime. Elephantiasis is a chronic condition, whereas fever and cough are typically acute symptoms of short-term illnesses.

Health is defined by the WHO as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. This includes being free from social problems, psychological tensions, and anxiety, but not from work.

Only female mosquitoes suck blood because they require the protein and nutrients found in blood to produce eggs. Male mosquitoes feed on plant nectar.

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, which are biological agents like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. These are collectively referred to as microbes.

Municipal corporations are responsible for public health services in urban areas, including sanitation, waste management, and basic healthcare facilities.

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder, meaning it is inherited and not caused by an infectious pathogen. Cholera, typhoid, and malaria are all infectious diseases caused by bacteria or parasites.

Influenza is an acute viral infection that typically resolves within a week or two. Elephantiasis, ascariasis, and tuberculosis are chronic or long-term infections.

Syphilis is a well-known sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Tetanus, diphtheria, and constipation are not sexually transmitted.

Tuberculosis is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment. Headache, diarrhea, and common cold are acute conditions that appear suddenly and last for a short duration.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease. Therefore, equating the absence of disease with being healthy is incorrect.

Influenza is an infectious viral disease, not a genetic one. Haemophilia, sickle cell anaemia, and night blindness are all inherited genetic conditions.

Bacteria possess a rigid cell wall that provides structural support and protection against environmental stress, which is a key target for many antibiotics.

Malaria is a vector-borne disease transmitted by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito, not through the air. Common cold, pneumonia, and tuberculosis are all airborne.

Immune dysfunctioning is an internal factor within the body's systems, not an external environmental factor. External factors affecting health include environmental pollution, alcohol consumption (lifestyle choice), and global warming (environmental change) - all originate outside the body. Immune dysfunction is internal to the body's defense system.