Health and Disease - CBSE Class IX Science

Disease prevention involves both proactive measures (prevention) and reactive measures (medication/treatment).

Ailment, sickness, and illness are all synonyms for disease.

Smallpox was declared eradicated worldwide by the WHO in 1980.

Vaccines exist for polio, measles, and diphtheria.

Malfunctioning of body systems can be described as an impairment or a disease state.

Viruses, bacteria, and worms are all biological agents that can cause infectious diseases.

Intrinsic factors refer to internal biological or genetic factors, as opposed to external environmental factors.

Diseases caused by internal factors (like genetics or metabolism) are often classified as organic or metabolic diseases.

Cataract, diabetes, and dwarfism are all conditions that can arise from internal/intrinsic factors.

Immunization is a primary method for preventing the spread and contraction of infectious diseases.

A bone fracture is a physical injury to the skeletal system, not caused by pathogens, inheritance, or mental health issues. It is categorized as a physical condition resulting from trauma.

Extrinsic factors are external influences that affect health, such as diet, environment, and lifestyle. Since inadequate food is an external supply issue, it is classified as extrinsic.

The term pathogenic is derived from 'pathogen', which refers to any organism or agent that causes disease. Options like medicine or microbes are related but do not define the term itself.

Depression is a mental health condition. Since none of the provided categories (physical, deficiency, inherited) accurately describe it, 'None of the above' is the correct choice.

Extrinsic factors are external causes of disease. Environmental pollutants, microbes, and drugs are all external agents that can negatively impact health.

Intrinsic factors are internal causes of disease originating within the body. Genetic disorders, hormonal imbalances, and allergies are all internal physiological or biological issues.

A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye, which leads to a decrease in vision. It is a condition specifically affecting the ocular system.

Infectious diseases are those that can be transmitted from one person to another, often through pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Non-infectious diseases are not communicable.

Congenital diseases are present from birth and are often due to genetic or developmental issues, making them typically harder to cure than acquired infectious diseases.

Congenital diseases are defined as conditions that are present at or before birth, usually resulting from hereditary factors or developmental issues during pregnancy.

Non-infectious diseases are not caused by pathogens. They can result from nutritional deficiencies, tissue degeneration, or chronic conditions like cancer.

Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, and it is widely recognized as the first true antibiotic used in medicine.

Degenerative diseases involve the progressive loss of structure or function of organs or tissues, which is commonly associated with aging or chronic wear and tear.

Antibiotics are designed to either inhibit the growth of bacteria (bacteriostatic) or kill the bacteria directly (bactericidal).