System Analysis and Design Test

Top management is primarily concerned with long-term strategy, planning, and policy-making. Day-to-day operations are typically the responsibility of lower-level or operational management.

The options A, B, and C are all standard data security practices. Since all listed options are valid security measures, 'None of these' is the correct choice as it implies none of the options are 'not' a security measure.

A data dictionary is a centralized repository of information about data, such as meaning, relationships to other data, origin, usage, and format.

A prototype serves multiple purposes in software development, including testing workability, refining requirements, and providing an iterative model for the final system.

Hard coding values that rarely change is a standard practice in software development to avoid unnecessary complexity. If a value changes frequently, it should be externalized, but for static or rarely changing data, hard coding is acceptable.

A parallel run is a system implementation strategy where the old system and the new system are operated simultaneously for a period to ensure the new system works correctly before fully switching over.

Physical security involves protecting the physical assets of a computer system, such as hardware and facilities. Passwords are a form of logical or technical security, not physical security.

Data integrity refers to the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of data over its lifecycle. When data is inconsistent, it means the integrity has been compromised.

A menu-driven interface provides a list of options to the user, allowing them to select a command or action rather than typing it manually. This is a standard user interface design pattern.

In database terminology, a schema is the structural description of the database, including record types, fields, and the relationships between them.

Online data entry allows for immediate validation and processing as data is entered, which generally makes the process faster compared to waiting for a batch to be processed later.

An ATM connects to the bank's central server in real-time to process transactions, making it an example of an online banking system.

Questionnaires are designed to gather structured, numerical, or categorical data from a large number of respondents, making them ideal for collecting quantitative information.

A Local Area Network (LAN) is designed to facilitate resource sharing (files, printers, applications) and communication (messaging) among users within a limited geographical area.

In a hospital database, one ward contains many patients, and a patient is typically assigned to one ward. However, if the system tracks patient history across multiple wards or multiple patients per ward, it is often modeled as a many-to-many relationship depending on the specific business rules.

Structured English is a method used by systems analysts to describe logic and processing procedures using a subset of English, making it easy for both technical and non-technical stakeholders to understand.

A steering committee in an IT context is a group of senior management and stakeholders that provides strategic direction, prioritizes projects, and guides the EDP (Electronic Data Processing) department.

Every phase of the SDLC is critical because a failure in one phase (like requirements gathering or design) can lead to the failure of the entire project.

An MIS (Management Information System) is designed to provide information for management decision-making. Payroll processing is a routine operational transaction processing task, not a management reporting function.

Data integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data. Since none of the provided options fully define the concept, 'None of these' is the most appropriate choice.

A prototype is an early, simplified version of a proposed system used to test concepts and gather user feedback before full-scale development.

A feasibility report evaluates whether a project is viable. The primary purpose of studying an existing system in this context is to identify the problems that the new system needs to solve.