General Science

A paediatrician specializes in treating children's diseases and medical issues. Cardiologists treat heart conditions, neurologists treat nervous system disorders, and nephrologists treat kidney diseases. Option C has a typo spelling it 'nefralogist'.

Rice and potatoes are primary sources of starch, which is a complex carbohydrate.

A complete set of permanent teeth in an adult human consists of 32 teeth, including wisdom teeth.

The Islets of Langerhans are regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine cells, responsible for producing hormones like insulin.

The duodenum is the first and shortest segment of the small intestine, connecting directly to the stomach.

The human lungs contain approximately 600 million alveoli, which are the tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

Ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs that produce eggs and hormones.

Digestion breaks down food into glucose (from carbohydrates), amino acids (from proteins), fatty acids and glycerol (from fats). 'Alumina acids' is not a recognized biological term or digestion product - it appears to be a made-up or misspelled term.

The pancreas secretes insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels, and glucagon. Testosterone is produced by testes, pepsin is a digestive enzyme from stomach, and estrogen is from ovaries. Note: 'Insuline' should be spelled 'Insulin' and 'harmone' should be 'hormone'.

The vocal cords (or vocal folds) vibrate when air from the lungs passes through the larynx, producing sound. The epiglottis prevents food from entering the airway, trachea is the windpipe, and neither produces sound on their own. Note: 'cards' should be 'cords'.

The larynx, often called the voice box, is generally larger in men than in women, which contributes to the difference in pitch.

Isaac Newton announced the universal law of gravitation, describing the gravitational attraction between all objects with mass. Louis Pasteur worked in microbiology, C.V. Raman in physics (Raman effect), and Faraday in electromagnetism. Note: 'Issac' should be 'Isaac'.

Basic units (or fundamental units) are the units of physical quantities that cannot be derived from other physical quantities.

In the FPS (Foot-Pound-Second) system, the unit of length is the foot.

In the CGS (Centimetre-Gram-Second) system, the unit of length is the centimetre.

Paramecium is a single-celled ciliate protozoan that reproduces sexually through a process called conjugation.

Mercury (Hg) is used in thermometers because it is the only metal which is liquid at room temperature and conducts heat well up to large ranges.

Wavelengths of light are typically very small and are measured in nanometres (nm).

Mass is a scalar quantity because it has magnitude but no direction.

Filaria (lymphatic filariasis) is a parasitic disease caused by microscopic, thread-like worms that infect the lymph system.

Mucin is the mucus secretion that lubricates food in the alimentary canal, helping it move smoothly. Hydrochloric acid digests food, ptyalin (salivary amylase) digests starch, and pepsin digests proteins.

A standard periscope uses two plane mirrors placed at 45-degree angles to each other. Light reflects off the first mirror and then the second mirror to reach the observer's eye.

A zygote is formed by the fusion of a haploid sperm and a haploid egg. This fusion results in a diploid cell containing two sets of chromosomes.

External fertilization occurs when gametes are released into the environment, typically water, for fertilization. Frogs and fish commonly exhibit this behavior, whereas mammals and birds typically use internal fertilization.