Plant Tissues - 1

Cells are isodiametric, i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence, living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. Parenchyma which contain chlorophyll is called chlorenchyma.  It gives mechanical strength by maintaining turgidity and stores waste products like tanin, gum, crystals and resins.

These are special sclerenchymatous cells, found in the cortex, pith, phloem, hard seeds, nuts and stony fruit. The flesh of the pear and guava are sometimes gritty, due to the presence of selereids. These cells are very thick walled, hard and strongly lignified. They are isodiametric, polyhedral, slightly elongated or irregular in shape.

These are special sclerenchymatous cells, found in the cortex, pith, phloem, hard seeds, nuts and stony fruit. The flesh of the pear and guava are sometimes gritty, due to the presence of selereids. These cells are very thick walled, hard and strongly lignified. They are isodiametric, polyhedral, slightly elongated or irregular in shape

Sclereids are special sclerenchymatous cells found in the cortex, pith, phloem, hard seeds, nuts and stony fruit. Sclerenchymatous cells are long, narrow, thick and lignified, usually pointed at both ends. The cell wall is evenly thickened with lignin and sometimes is so thick, that the cell cavity or lumen is absent. Nucleus is absent, and hence the tissue is made up of dead cells.

The cells are long, narrow, thick and lignified, usually pointed at both ends. The cell wall is evenly thickened with lignin and sometimes is so thick, that the cell cavity or lumen is absent. Nucleus is absent and hence the tissue is made up of dead cells. They have simple often, oblique pits in the walls. The middle lamella i.e. the wall between adjacent cells is conspicuous. It is found abundantly in stems of plants like, hemp, jute and coconut, their length varying from 1 mm to 550 mm.

The cells are long, narrow, thick and lignified, usually pointed at both ends. The cell wall is evenly thickened with lignin and sometimes is so thick that the cell cavity or lumen is absent. Nucleus is absent and hence the tissue is made up of dead cells. They have simple often, oblique pits in the walls. The middle lamella i.e. the wall between adjacent cells is conspicuous. It is found abundantly in stems of plants like, hemp, jute and coconut, their length varying from 1 mm to 550 mm.

The cells are long, narrow, thick and lignified, usually pointed at both ends. The cell wall is evenly thickened with lignin and sometimes is so thick that the cell cavity or lumen is absent. Nucleus is absent and hence the tissue is made up of dead cells. They have simple often, oblique pits in the walls. The middle lamella i.e. the wall between adjacent cells is conspicuous. It is found abundantly in stems of plants like, hemp, jute and coconut, their length varying from 1 mm to 550 mm.

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. Parenchyma which contain chlorophyll, are called chlorenchyma. It is found in the cortex of root, ground tissue in stems and mesophyll of leaves.

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. Parenchyma which contain chlorophyll are called chlorenchyma.

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. It gives mechanical strength by maintaining turgidity.

The cells are long, narrow, thick and lignified, usually pointed at both ends. The cell wall is evenly thickened with lignin and sometimes is so thick, that the cell cavity or lumen is absent. Nucleus is absent and hence the tissue is made up of dead cells. They have simple often, oblique pits in the walls. The middle lamella i.e. the wall between adjacent cells, is conspicuous.

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. It gives mechanical strength by maintaining turgidity.

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose only. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present.

The cells are elongated and are circular, oval or polygonal in cross-section. Cell wall is unevenly thickened with cellulose at the corners against the intercellular spaces. Nucleus is present ,and hence the tissue is living. Vacuoles are small. Intercellular spaces are generally absent. If they contain chlorophyll, they are known as chlorenchyma. It provides mechanical support to the stem. Being extensible, these cells readily adapt themselves, to the rapid elongation of the stem.

The parrenchyma tissue stores waste products of plants like, tanin, gum, crystals and resins.

All of the above are the characteristic features of cells forming permanent tisues.

Prosenchyma is a type of parenchyma, where cells are elongated with tapering ends.

Parenchyma is mainly involved in functions, like storage and respiration. It also takes part in other functions like, photosynthesis, absorption, secretion and protection.

Armed parenchyma is the parenchyma, which is found in the epidermis of leaves, in some gymnosperms. The cells have many spiny projections. It is defensive in function.

Conjunctive parenchyma, is the parenchyma, which occurs in the root system. It is specially meant for storage of water.

Medullary parenchyma, is the parenchyma, which is found radially arranged in between the vascular bundles in the stem. It is meant for storage of reserve food.

Vascular parenchyma, is the parenchyma, which is found associated with the vascular tissues, xylem and phloem. Accordingly, it is distinguished into, xylem parenchyma and phloem parenchyma.

Arenchyma, is the parenchyma, in which the cells enclose large intercellular spaces, that are filled with air. Aerenchyma helps in buoyancy and respiration. It is characteristically found in aquatic floating plants.

Chlorenchyma, is the parenchyma, in which the cells contain large number of chloroplasts. Chlorenchyma takes part in photosynthesis. It occurs in the leaves, and other green parts of the plant body.

Arenchyma, is the parenchyma, in which the cells enclose large intercellular spaces, that are filled with air. Aerenchyma helps in bouyancy and respiration. It is characteristically found in aquatic floating plants.