General Science-6

Carborundum is the common name for silicon carbide (SiC). It is a hard compound used as an abrasive.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), commonly used for cooking, is primarily a mixture of propane and butane.

Absolute zero is defined as 0 Kelvin, the theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion ceases.

Laundry soap is chemically the sodium or potassium salt of long-chain fatty acids, typically produced via saponification of fats and oils.

Styrene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C8H8. It consists of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Air is primarily composed of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide. Chlorine is a reactive gas not found in normal atmospheric air.

Wrought iron is the purest form of commercial iron, containing the lowest percentage of carbon (usually less than 0.08%).

Acetic acid is an acid (pH < 7). Adding a base like aqueous ammonia will neutralize the acid, thereby increasing the pH towards 7.

EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a chelating agent used to treat heavy metal poisoning, including lead, by binding to the metal ions.

Noble metals like platinum, gold, and silver are unreactive and can occur in their native or pure form in the earth's crust.

In chemical terms, oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons.

Black powder, or gunpowder, is a mixture of potassium nitrate (nitre), sulfur, and charcoal.

Silver halides (like silver bromide) are light-sensitive; they decompose into metallic silver when exposed to light, which is the basis of traditional photography.

The Fischer-Tropsch process is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons, such as synthetic gasoline.

Chloroquine is a well-known medication used to prevent and treat malaria.

Human saliva is slightly acidic, typically having a pH range between 6.2 and 7.6, but generally considered acidic in the context of oral chemistry.

Carbon dioxide is commonly used in fire extinguishers because it is non-flammable and displaces oxygen, effectively smothering the fire.

Gobar gas (biogas) is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic matter and is composed primarily of methane.

Asbestos fibers are easily inhaled and can cause serious respiratory diseases like asbestosis and lung cancer, making the lungs the most affected organ.

Distillation is the process used to separate alcohol from water based on their different boiling points.

Hydrogenation is the chemical process of adding hydrogen to unsaturated fats (oils) to convert them into saturated fats (solid fats like ghee).

PVC stands for Polyvinyl Chloride, a widely used synthetic plastic polymer.

Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur to natural rubber, which cross-links the polymer chains to make the rubber stronger and more durable.

Citrus fruits like lemons and oranges are rich in citric acid.