Indian History: Mughal to Colonial Era

After Aurangzeb's death in 1707, his eldest son, Prince Muazzam, ascended the throne and took the title of Bahadur Shah I.

Akbar's tomb is located at Sikandra, which is a suburb of Agra.

The French East India Company (Compagnie des Indes Orientales) was founded in 1664 by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the finance minister to King Louis XIV.

Shivaji's administration was characterized by religious tolerance, and he employed people of all faiths, making his state secular in nature despite his personal devotion to Hinduism.

Aurangzeb was known as 'Zinda Pir' (Living Saint) due to his simple, austere, and pious lifestyle, which contrasted with the opulence of other Mughal emperors.

The Panch Mahal is a five-story palace structure located within the Fatehpur Sikri complex, built by Akbar.

Lord Dalhousie was appointed as the Governor-General of India in 1848 and served until 1856.

Jahangir's tomb is located in Shahdara Bagh, which is in Lahore, Pakistan.

Nadir Shah, the ruler of Persia, invaded India in 1739 during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah. This event is famously known for the looting of the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-Noor diamond.

The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, who belonged to the Sangama dynasty. This was the first of the four dynasties that ruled the empire.

The Bahmani Sultanate was founded in 1347 by Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, also known as Hasan Gangu. He was a governor under the Delhi Sultanate who rebelled and established his own independent kingdom in the Deccan.

Hampi, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, is located in the state of Karnataka. It is situated on the southern bank of the Tungabhadra River, though the question asks for the bank; historically, it is associated with the Tungabhadra river basin.

Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, founded the Khalsa in 1699 at Anandpur Sahib. This event transformed the Sikh community into a martial organization.

Shah Jahan is buried in the Taj Mahal in Agra, which he built as a mausoleum for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. He was interred there next to her after his death in 1666.

Bahlol Lodi founded the Lodi dynasty in 1451, which was the first Afghan dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate. He replaced the Sayyid dynasty.

Lord Cornwallis was appointed as the Governor-General of India in 1786. He is well known for the Permanent Settlement and administrative reforms.

When Shah Jahan fell ill in 1657, Aurangzeb was serving as the Viceroy of the Deccan. This position allowed him to mobilize his forces effectively during the war of succession.

The Buland Darwaza, or the Gate of Magnificence, was built by Akbar in 1601 to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is located at the entrance of the Jama Masjid in Fatehpur Sikri.

Samarth Ramdas was a prominent Marathi saint and the spiritual guru of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. His teachings had a significant influence on Shivaji's political and social vision.

Lord William Bentinck was appointed as the Governor-General of India in 1828. He is famous for social reforms, including the abolition of Sati.

Feroz Shah Tughlaq was responsible for transporting two Ashokan pillars from Topra (Ambala) and Meerut to Delhi. He re-erected them in his capital city.

Lord Mornington, better known as Lord Wellesley, was appointed as the Governor-General of India in 1798. He is known for the Subsidiary Alliance system.

The tomb of Sher Shah Suri is located in Sasaram, Bihar. It is a grand structure built in the middle of an artificial lake.

Sambhaji was the eldest son of Shivaji and succeeded him as the second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire in 1680.

The first session of the Indian National Congress was held in Bombay in 1885, presided over by Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee.