General Awareness - 3

Jean-Jacques Rousseau introduced the concept of 'General Will' (volonte generale) in his 1762 work 'The Social Contract', arguing that legitimate authority comes from the collective will of the people acting in the common interest. Hume focused on empiricism, Hegel on dialectics, and Kant on moral philosophy - none developed the General Will concept.

Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu, at the foothills of the Blue Mountains. It was established in 1940 and was the first wildlife sanctuary in South India. The sanctuary borders Karnataka and Kerala, forming part of the larger Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.

Sir Isaac Newton formulated the Law of Universal Gravitation in 1687, published in his work Principia Mathematica. This law explains the gravitational attraction between two masses and is foundational to classical physics.

John Milton wrote the epic poem 'Paradise Lost' in 1667, which chronicles the Biblical story of the Fall of Man - Satan's temptation of Adam and Eve and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton was a 17th-century English poet and civil servant who wrote the work in blank verse. William Shakespeare wrote plays and sonnets, Jonathan Swift wrote satires like Gulliver's Travels, and Oscar Wilde wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray.

Consualia was an ancient Roman festival dedicated to Consus, the god of the harvest and protector of stored grain. The festival was celebrated with horse and chariot races, and offerings were made at the underground altar of Consus in the Circus Maximus. It was a significant agricultural festival in the Roman calendar, marking the completion of the harvest season.

Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd (BCCL) publishes all three newspapers listed - Economic Times (financial daily), Navbharat Times (Hindi daily), and The Times of India (leading English daily). Since all are BCCL publications, 'None of the above' correctly indicates that none are excluded from their portfolio.

'My Experiments with Truth' (or 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth') is the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through 1921. It details his philosophy of Satyagraha (truth-force) and his personal journey in developing his political and moral principles.

The Protection of Human Rights Act was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1993, leading to the formation of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in October of that year. This Act provides the statutory framework for protecting human rights in India.

India's First Five Year Plan was launched in 1951 and covered the period 1951-1956. It was based on the Harrod-Domar model and focused on agriculture, irrigation, and energy. The planning was inspired by the Soviet model of planned economic development.

Dreser invented Aspirin in 1889.

Stratosphere is located in Las Vegas in USA.

A computer virus is a malicious software program that replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code. It is not a chemical or biological entity. The term 'virus' is metaphorical, referring to how it spreads from program to program like a biological virus. Options A, B, and C are incorrect - viruses are purely digital code entities designed to damage systems or steal data.

Heparin is a naturally occurring anticoagulant produced by mast cells and basophils. It prevents blood clot formation by enhancing the activity of antithrombin III, which inhibits thrombin and other clotting factors. Fibrinogen and thrombin are actually pro-coagulant substances involved in clot formation, while globin is a protein component of hemoglobin.

The United Nations was officially established on October 24, 1945, after World War II. This date is celebrated annually as United Nations Day. The UN Charter had been drafted earlier in 1945 and was ratified by the required number of nations.

Singapore Airlines was among the first airlines to offer in-flight internet connectivity to passengers, pioneering this service in the early 2000s. The airline has consistently been at the forefront of innovation in passenger amenities and technological advancement in commercial aviation.

The National Development Council (NDC) is presided over by the Prime Minister of India. The NDC is the apex body for decision-making and deliberations on development issues in India, and the Prime Minister's leadership reflects its constitutional importance in national planning.

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun in our solar system. The other planets listed are further away from the Sun in the order Venus, Earth, and Mars.

In physics, elasticity refers to a material's ability to return to its original shape after being deformed. Steel is more elastic than rubber because it requires a greater force to produce a given deformation and returns to its original state more perfectly.

The Bhakti movement, while rooted in Hindu traditions, was significantly influenced by the Sufi tradition of mysticism and devotion, which emphasized a personal relationship with the divine.

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has its permanent secretariat located in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Aung San Suu Kyi is a prominent political figure and activist from Myanmar (formerly Burma).

The Tarapur Atomic Power Station, located in Maharashtra, was the first commercial nuclear power station built in India, commissioned in 1969.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has historically moved to withdraw its nominee directors from the boards of private sector banks to promote better corporate governance and reduce conflict of interest.

Balaji Vishwanath was the first of the hereditary Peshwas (prime ministers) of the Maratha Empire, effectively establishing the Peshwa dynasty.

A galvanometer is an electromechanical instrument used for detecting and indicating an electric current.

Correct Answer: INS Vikramaditya

The term 'Plastic Money' is a common colloquialism for credit cards, debit cards, and other payment cards made of plastic.

A transformer is an electrical device used to step up or step down alternating current (AC) voltage levels through electromagnetic induction. It does not convert DC to AC, nor is it a measuring instrument.

COFEPOSA stands for the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, which specifically deals with economic offences. NSA, MISA, and TADA are primarily related to national security and public order.

Luna 2 (Lunik II) was the first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon, impacting it in 1959. It was not a soft-lander or a robot in the modern sense.

Jawaharlal Nehru was imprisoned in the Ahmednagar Fort jail during the Quit India Movement, where he wrote his famous book 'The Discovery of India'.

The official currency of Armenia is the Armenian Dram.

Correct Answer: Patanjali

The world's first modern projection planetarium was developed by the Carl Zeiss company and installed at the Deutsches Museum in Munich, Germany, in 1923, followed by a permanent installation in Bonn.

Diffusion is a scientific process involving the movement of particles from high to low concentration. The other terms, such as EMI, Credit wrap, and Held to Maturity, are standard banking or financial terminology.

The Tehri Dam is built on the Bhagirathi River in the state of Uttarakhand, India.

Alberuni (Al-Biruni) wrote the 'Kitab-ul-Hind' in the 11th century, which provides a detailed account of Indian culture and society during that era.

Correct Answer: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

HSBC (Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) famously used the marketing slogan 'The World's Local Bank' for many years.