Mass Communication

Amrita Bazar Patrika was founded in 1868 as a Bengali-language newspaper but switched to English in the 1870s to circumvent a law that tried to suppress vernacular press criticizing the British colonial government. This change allowed it to continue its nationalist commentary. The other options are either not Bengali-origin or did not make this language switch.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak, the prominent Indian nationalist leader, founded and edited two newspapers: Kesari (in Marathi) and Maratha (in English). Both publications were vehicles for his nationalist ideas and criticism of British colonial rule. The Hindu was founded in Madras, Bombay Times was later renamed The Times of India, and Indian Gazette was not associated with Tilak.

AFP (Agence France-Presse) is France's national news agency, founded in 1944. It is headquartered in Paris and is the world's oldest news agency still in operation. The other options are countries where AFP has bureaus but not its origin.

In radio broadcasting best practices, especially for interactive shows, having more than three guests can become chaotic and unmanageable. Three guests allow for meaningful conversation while maintaining control over the discussion flow.

The United Press Association was founded in 1907 by E.W. Scripps.

Vir Sanghvi served as the editor of The Hindustan Times for many years, making him a prominent chief editor in Indian journalism.

The National Film Archive of India (NFAI) was established in 1964 to preserve India's cinematic heritage.

The Indian Cinematograph Act was enacted in 1918 to regulate the exhibition of films in India.

Yuva Vani, a youth-oriented radio service by All India Radio, was launched in Delhi in 1969.

The first radio programme journal/guide published by the Indian Broadcasting Service was titled 'India Radio Times'.

Media research is a specialized field that falls under the broader umbrella of strategic advertising research, focusing on audience behavior and effectiveness.

Quota sampling is a form of non-probability sampling where the researcher selects participants based on specific quotas, which is a type of judgement or purposive sampling.

The Swiss Press Council was established in 1938, making it one of the earliest examples of such regulatory bodies. Other options refer to different organizations or later dates.

Vividh Bharati, the commercial service of All India Radio, was launched on October 3, 1957. It was designed to provide popular entertainment programming.

The Second Press Commission of India was constituted in 1978 and was headed by Justice P.K. Goswami. Soli Sorabji was a member, but not the head.

The first Press Commission (1952-1954) included members like Acharya Narendra Dev, A.R. Bhatt, and T.N. Singh. N.C. Menon was not a member of this commission.

A stand-up is a segment in a news report where the reporter appears on camera at the location of the story. It is typically introduced by the anchor in the studio.

The Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) was an experimental satellite communications project in India, conducted from August 1975 to July 1976.

The first modern news agency, Agence Havas (now Agence France-Presse), was founded by Charles-Louis Havas in Paris in 1835.