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Amino Acids: Structure, Properties, and Functions

Covers amino acid classification, structure, stereochemistry, functional groups, uncommon residues, derivatives, and metabolic roles

11 Questions Published
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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements is/are correct about amino acids?

  1. Alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine have aromatic hydrocarbon side chains.
  2. Methionine has a thiol ether side chain that resembles an n-butyl group in many of its physical properties.
  3. Proline has conformational constraints imposed by the cyclic nature of its pyrrolidine side chain.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Both 2 and 3
  5. All of the above
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following annotations on chemical nature of amino acids is/are correct?

  1. Phenylalanine has indole group.
  2. Tryptophan has phenyl group.
  3. Tyrosine has phenol group.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Both 1 and 2
  5. All of the above
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following amino acids have uncharged polar amide side chains?

  1. Serine 2. Threonine 3. Asparagine 4. Glutamine 5. Tyrosine
  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2 and 3
  3. 3 and 4
  4. 4 and 5
  5. 1 and 5
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following amino acids and the characters are correctly matched?

  1. cysteine: charged: thiol group 2. lysine: uncharged: butylammonium side chain 3. arginine: uncharged: guanidino group 4. histidine: uncharged: imidazolium group
  1. Only 1
  2. Both 1 and 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Both 3 and 4
  5. None of these
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of these statements is/are correct about operational classification of amino acids based on optical activity?

  1. Dextrorotatory rotate the plane of plane-polarised light clockwise.
  2. Levorotatory rotate the plane of plane-polarised light anticlockwise
  3. Dextrorotatory and levorotatory molecules are assigned negative and positive values, respectively.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Only 1 and 2
  5. All of the above
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements about the Fischer convention of amino acids nomenclature is/are correct?

  1. This configuration system of the groups was introduced about an asymmetric center of aspirin.
  2. Horizontal bonds extend above and vertical bonds extend below the plane of the paper.
  3. All amino acids derived from proteins have the L-stereochemical configuration.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Both 1 and 2
  5. Both 2 and 3
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements about some uncommon amino acid residues is/are correct?

  1. Amino acid residues- 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine are important structural constituents of collagen.
  2. Histones have specifically methylated, acetylated, and/or phosphorylated Lys, Arg and Ser residues.
  3. N-formylmethionine is initially the N-terminal residue of all prokaryotic proteins.
  4. Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid is a constituent of several proteins involved in blood clotting.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2 and 3
  3. Only 3 and 4
  4. Only 2, 3 and 4
  5. All of the above
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of these statements about Cahn–Ingold–Prelog system of amino acids nomenclature is/are correct?

  1. Atoms of higher atomic number bonded to a chiral center are ranked below those of lower atomic number.
  2. The order of priority of these functional groups is: SH < OH < NH2.
    3. The order of priority of these functional groups is: CH2OH < C6H5 < CH3.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. All of the above
  5. None of these
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Find the correct match of amino acid residue with its function.

  1. Gamma-aminobutyric acid: a glutamatedecarboxylation product: neurotransmitters
  2. Dopamine: tyrosine derivative: fatty acid metabolism intermediate
  3. Histamine: histidine decarboxylation product: local mediator of allergic reactions
  4. Thyroxine: a tryptophan derivative: an iodine-containing thyroid hormone
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 1 and 3
  3. Only 4
  4. Only 2
  5. All of the above
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Certain amino acids are important intermediates in various metabolic processes. A is an intermediate in urea biosynthesis, B is an intermediate in amino acid metabolism, C is a biological methylating reagent, D is an antibiotic and E is a neurotransmitter.

  1. A: citrulline
  2. B: ornithine
  3. C: homocysteine
  4. D: thyroxine
  5. E: beta-cyanoalanine
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following statements about thalidomide is/are correct?

  1. It was widely used in Europe as a mild laxtive in the early 1960s.
  2. Its active enantiomer causes severe birth defects in humans.
  3. Its effect is most dangerous during the last trimester of pregnancy.
  4. It was often prescribed to alleviate nausea (morning sickness) that is common during pregnancy.
  1. Only 1
  2. Only 2
  3. Only 3
  4. Only 4
  5. All of the above
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