Social Science Practice Test - 5

Potential resources are those that exist in a region but have not been developed or utilized yet. They have the potential for future use given appropriate technology and investment. Developed resources (D) are already being used, individual resources (A) are owned by individuals, and community resources (B) are accessible to all.

Justice M. Hidayatullah served as Acting President of India twice - first in 1969 after President Zakir Husain's death, and again in 1977-1978 when President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed died and the Prime Minister was seeking re-election. This is a unique historical instance of a Chief Justice acting as President.

The tertiary sector consists of service-based activities like transport, trade, banking, and insurance. Electricity generation and distribution belongs to the secondary sector as it involves producing and supplying a tangible utility through industrial processes, not providing services.

The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), established in 1875, is India's oldest and first stock exchange, and also the oldest in Asia. It played a pioneering role in developing the Indian capital market.

According to the Indian Constitution, the Chief Minister is responsible to the Governor of the state. The Governor appoints the Chief Minister and the council of ministers, and they must enjoy the confidence of the state legislative assembly.

Chandragupta Maurya's empire (322-298 BCE) under the guidance of Chanakya extended to the Hindukush mountains in the northwest after defeating Seleucus Nicator. The boundary included modern-day Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan. The Indus and Ravi rivers were within the empire, but Hindukush marked the northwestern frontier.

Norman E. Borlaug, an American agronomist, is known as the father of the Green Revolution. He developed high-yielding, disease-resistant wheat varieties in Mexico, which were later introduced to India and Pakistan in the 1960s. M.S. Swaminathan adapted these technologies to Indian conditions. Garry Becker is an unrelated economist (Nobel laureate in Economics).

Grasim Industries (part of Aditya Birla Group) is a major cement manufacturer in India through its subsidiary UltraTech Cement, which is India's largest cement company. TELCO (now Tata Motors) is in automobiles. Reliance is in petrochemicals, refining, and telecommunications. Grasim is the correct answer for cement industry association.

The Battle of Ten Kings (Dasharajnya) described in Rigveda (Book 7) was fought between King Sudas of the Bharata tribe and a confederation of ten tribes. The battle took place on the banks of the Parushni River, which is the modern Ravi River in Punjab. The Asikini is Chenab and Vipas is Beas.

While the Constitution of India guarantees the right to form associations or unions, the 'Right to strike' is not a Fundamental Right. It is a legal or statutory right governed by industrial laws.

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain (specifically England) in the late 18th century. Factors like access to coal, iron, and a vast colonial empire facilitated this transition to new manufacturing processes.

Digboi Refinery in Assam is the oldest operating oil refinery in India and one of the oldest in the world, established in 1901. It was set up by the Assam Oil Company.

Sovereignty refers to the supreme power or authority of a state to govern itself without any external interference. It signifies absolute independence in both internal and external affairs.

The Russo-Japanese War took place from 1904 to 1905. It was a conflict over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea, ending with a Japanese victory.