Prepositions

In English grammar, you 'agree to' a plan, proposal, or suggestion. You 'agree with' a person or an opinion. Since 'my proposal' is an object or plan, 'to' is the correct preposition.

The adjective 'infested' is typically followed by the preposition 'with' to indicate the presence of a large number of pests or unwanted things. Using 'by' is less common and usually reserved for the agent of an action in the passive voice.

The idiom 'fortune smiles on someone' means that someone is lucky or successful. While 'smile at' refers to the physical act of smiling toward a person, 'smile on' is the figurative expression for favor or luck.

The word 'injurious' is a formal adjective meaning harmful, and it is conventionally followed by the preposition 'to.' This is a fixed prepositional phrase often seen in public health warnings.

The phrase 'short of something' means to have an insufficient supply of it. While 'short on' is sometimes used in informal American English, 'short of' is the standard grammatical form in this context.

When describing a family connection or a logical link between two people or things, the preposition 'to' is used after 'related.' 'Related with' is generally considered incorrect in this context.

'Come from' is the most common way to indicate a person's origin, background, or family status. While 'come of' is occasionally used in literary contexts to denote descent, 'from' is the standard choice in modern English.

'On account of' is a compound preposition meaning 'because of' or 'due to.' It is a fixed idiomatic expression used to introduce the reason for something.

In the present perfect continuous tense, 'for' is used to indicate a duration or period of time (four hours). 'Since' would be used for a specific starting point in time, such as a particular hour or date.

We use the preposition 'at' when referring to a specific address or a precise point. If only the street name were mentioned, 'on' or 'in' might be used depending on the dialect, but a house number requires 'at.'

'Among' is used when referring to being liked or well-known within a group of people. While 'popular with' is also grammatically correct and frequently used, 'among' specifically highlights his status within the collective group of students.

The preposition 'off' is used to indicate movement away from a surface or a vehicle. In this context, it describes the driver exiting the car in a jumping motion. 'Of' is incorrect as it usually denotes belonging or origin, while 'among' and 'too' do not fit the spatial context.

'Besides' means 'in addition to' or 'apart from', which fits the sentence indicating that nephews and nieces were present along with the children. 'Beside' means 'next to' and refers to physical position, which does not fit the logic of the list. 'With' and 'In' do not correctly introduce the additional group in this sentence structure.

The verb 'excel' is most commonly followed by the preposition 'in' when referring to a field of study or an activity. While 'excel at' is also used in modern English, 'excel in' is the traditional and standard choice in many grammar assessments. 'By' and 'of' are grammatically incorrect in this context.

Both 'in' and 'by' are correct. Generally 'by' is used with public means of transport. Here 'in' is more suitable as we are indicating that we travelled in one particular mode of transport and not in another.

The adjective 'famous' is standardly paired with the preposition 'for' to indicate the reason for someone or something's fame. 'Famous in' or 'famous with' are not standard idiomatic expressions for this meaning. Therefore, 'famous for its beaches' is the correct construction.

The adjective 'affectionate' is followed by the preposition 'to' or 'towards' when directed at a person or group. 'Affectionate for' is a common error, but 'to' is the grammatically accepted preposition for expressing feelings directed at others. 'At' and 'with' do not fit this idiomatic usage.

The preposition 'by' is used to indicate the degree or margin of difference in measurements. When comparing heights, weights, or scores, 'by' correctly introduces the specific amount of the difference. 'In', 'at', and 'from' are not used to express margins of difference in this way.

To 'lean against' something means to rest your weight on it for support, typically a vertical surface like a wall or door. While 'lean on' is also used, 'against' specifically emphasizes the contact with a vertical barrier. 'At' and 'to' are not used with 'lean' in this physical sense.

'Beside' is a preposition meaning 'at the side of' or 'next to'. 'Besides' is an adverb/preposition meaning 'in addition to', which does not fit the physical action of walking. 'By' can mean near, but 'beside' is the most precise choice for walking alongside someone.

The preposition 'at' is used to indicate a specific location or a social event. Since a party is an event, 'at the party' is the correct idiomatic expression. 'In' is generally used for enclosed spaces, but 'at' is preferred for gatherings.

'At home' is a fixed idiomatic expression in English used to indicate that someone is in their place of residence. While 'in the house' is possible, 'in home' is not standard English. 'On' and 'into' are logically incorrect for this context.

The preposition 'since' is used with the present perfect continuous tense to indicate the starting point of an action that continues to the present. 'From' is used for general starting points but usually requires a 'to' or 'until' for a range. 'Since' is the specific choice for a point in time in this tense.

In a passive voice sentence, 'by' is used to introduce the agent (the person or thing performing the action). 'With' is used to introduce the instrument or tool used (the dagger). Therefore, 'stabbed by a lunatic' is the correct construction.