Learn Computer Part - 2

UNIX is not an internet software, it is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T.

JAVA is not an application software; it is a programming language.

A CD-ROM is a peripheral output device that can store up to 650 MB of data. While hard disks store much more data, CD-ROMs were specifically known for this 650 MB storage capacity in their standard format. Floppy drives store much less (typically 1.44 MB), and hard disks are storage devices but are internal or external drives that store much more than 650 MB, making CD-ROM the best answer for this specific capacity specification.

Hardware refers to the physical, tangible components of a computer system. This includes electronic parts like the CPU and motherboard, as well as mechanical parts like the casing and keyboard.

Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. Unlike hardware, software is intangible and consists of the code that tells the hardware what to do.

Herman Hollerith developed a punched card tabulating machine to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census. His company later merged with others to eventually become IBM.

In the LOGO programming environment, the question mark (?) is the command prompt. It indicates that the system is ready and waiting for the user to type a command for the turtle.

The U.S. Census Bureau used Herman Hollerith's punched card system to tabulate the results of the 1890 census. This was a landmark moment in the history of automated data processing.

Dennis Ritchie created the C programming language at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. It was designed to be a general-purpose language and was used to rewrite the Unix operating system.

A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in computing and digital communications. It can have only one of two values, typically represented as 0 or 1.

A nibble is a four-bit aggregation, which is exactly half of an eight-bit byte. It is a convenient unit for representing a single hexadecimal digit.

The IBM System/390 (S/390) is a well-known family of mainframe computers. In contrast, the CRAY-2 and ETA-10 are classified as supercomputers, which are designed for high-speed scientific calculations.

C and C++ are traditional compiled languages. Java is also compiler-based because it is compiled into bytecode before execution. Since all the listed languages use a compiler, 'None of these' is the correct answer.

PARAM is a series of supercomputers designed and assembled by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) in India. The first in the series, PARAM 8000, was launched in 1991.

In computer architecture, a 'word' is the natural unit of data used by a processor. While its size varies by architecture, it is typically 16, 32, or 64 bits.

In the LOGO programming language, the turtle is a cursor used for drawing graphics. It is traditionally represented as a small triangle to indicate the direction it is currently facing.

Norton Utilities and PC Tools are classic examples of utility software used for system maintenance and optimization. Since all listed options are utilities, 'None of these' is the correct answer to which is NOT a utility.

In LOGO turtle graphics, the turtle is an isosceles triangle. The pointed vertex that indicates the direction of movement is called the nose.

MS-DOS, Windows, and UNIX are all operating systems that manage computer resources. Adobe is a software company that produces application software like Photoshop, not an operating system.

In LOGO, the 'home' of the turtle is the center of the graphics screen. When the program starts or the HOME command is given, the turtle returns to this central position.

Liveware is a term used to refer to the human element in a computer system. It distinguishes the people who operate and maintain the system from the hardware and software components.

Machine language is the lowest-level programming language, consisting entirely of binary digits (0s and 1s). It is the only language that a computer's CPU can understand and execute directly.

A light pen is a light-sensitive pointing device used to select or draw objects on a computer's display. While it is an input device, 'pointing device' is the more specific classification provided in the options.