General Science - Multi-Disciplinary

Curium is a radioactive synthetic element with atomic number 96. Its chemical symbol is Cm, derived from its name. The symbol 'Co' belongs to cobalt, 'C' is carbon, and 'Cu' is copper. Curium was first synthesized in 1944 and named after Marie and Pierre Curie.

Sociology is the scientific study of human society, social relationships, and social institutions. It examines how people interact, form groups, and create social structures. The other options refer to different sciences: histology (tissues), ornithology (birds), and limnology (lakes).

Alchemy was the proto-scientific practice that existed in ancient and medieval times, focusing on transforming materials (especially attempting to turn base metals into gold) and discovering elixirs for immortality. It laid the groundwork for modern chemistry. The other options refer to aviation (flight), acoustics (sound), and astronautics (space travel).

Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal with atomic number 48. Its chemical symbol is Cd. The other options represent different elements: Cm is curium, Ca is calcium, and Cs is cesium. Cadmium is commonly used in batteries and as a pigment.

This question asks for the chemical name of sulphuric acid (H2SO4). The correct answer is B - sulphuric acid itself, as it's asking for the name, not a different compound. Option A (sodium bicarbonate) is baking soda, and option C (sodium carbonate) is washing soda. Option D is incorrect since B is valid.

Baking powder is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), a white crystalline powder used as a leavening agent in baking. Option A shows the correct chemical formula. The other options are incorrect: NaHCO2 doesn't exist, NaOH is sodium hydroxide (lye), and NaOH3 is not a valid compound.

The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) was established on August 3, 1954, under the direct charge of the Prime Minister of India. It was created to oversee atomic energy programs in India. Homi J. Bhabha was its first Secretary. Option A has the wrong year (1955) and date (August 2).

India's first peaceful underground nuclear experiment, codenamed 'Smiling Buddha,' was conducted on May 18, 1974, at Pokhran in Rajasthan. This made India the sixth nation to conduct a nuclear test. The other states listed (Punjab, Bihar, Kerala) were not the test site.

The National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) is located in Hyderabad, Telangana. It is a premier research institution under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), focusing on earth sciences. The other options are incorrect: Bangaluru has many institutions but not NGRI, Chandigarh and Bombay are not its location.

The first development launch of ASLV (Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle) from SHAR (Sriharikota High Altitude Range) occurred in 1987 and ended in failure. This was part of India's early rocket development program before the successful PSLV era.

The first developmental flight of SLV-3 carrying the Rohini satellite took place on 31st May 1981. This marked an important milestone in India's space program, though this particular mission was not successful in achieving orbit.

Dr. Kalpana Chawla first went into space on November 19, 1997, as a mission specialist on STS-87 aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia. She was the first Indian-born woman to fly in space.

The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) is located in Hyderabad, India. It is a premier research institution under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).

Bar is a metric unit of atmospheric pressure. 1 bar equals 100,000 pascals or approximately 0.987 standard atmospheres. It's commonly used in meteorology and engineering to measure pressure.

The Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre (INSDOC) was located in New Delhi. It served as a premier institution for scientific documentation and information services in India.

The Tocklai Experimental Cooperative Research Station is located in Jorhat, Assam. It is the world's largest and oldest tea research station, established in 1911, focusing on tea cultivation and research.

The Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) is located in Kerala, with its headquarters at Kasaragod. It conducts research on plantation crops like coconut, areca nut, and cocoa.

The Geological Survey of India (GSI) is headquartered in Kolkata. It is one of the oldest organizations in the country, established in 1851, responsible for geological mapping and exploration.

Tetanus was discovered by Emil Adolf von Behring (also known as Emil von Behring), a German physiologist who received the Nobel Prize in 1901 for his work on serum therapy, including tetanus antitoxin.

Scurvy affects both skin and blood vessels. It's caused by vitamin C deficiency and leads to symptoms like bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and skin problems due to impaired collagen synthesis.

Serum creatinine is a waste product filtered from the blood by the kidneys, so elevated levels in a blood test indicate impaired kidney function. It is a standard biomarker used in renal diagnostic tests.

AB blood group is the universal recipient because it has both A and B antigens on red blood cells but no anti-A or anti-B antibodies in plasma. This allows AB individuals to receive blood from any ABO group (A, B, AB, or O) without antibody-mediated rejection. Types A, B, and O can only receive from their own type or O (universal donor).