NIFT UG Technology Test 2 Paper - 1

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below. In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Indica, Qualis, Fiat, Maruti, Hyundai, Santro and Palio were displayed in a row, facing each such that
(1) Indica car was to the immediate right of Palio
(2) Palio was fourth to the right of Fiat
(3) Maruti car was between Qualis and Santro
(4) Fiat, which was third to the left of Qualis car, was at one of the ends
Which of the following is definitely true?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below. In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Indica, Qualis, Fiat, Maruti, Hyundai, Santro and Palio were displayed in a row, facing each such that
(1) Indica car was to the immediate right of Palio
(2) Palio was fourth to the right of Fiat
(3) Maruti car was between Qualis and Santro
(4) Fiat, which was third to the left of Qualis car, was at one of the ends
Which of the following was the correct position of the Hyundai?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below. In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Indica, Qualis, Fiat, Maruti, Hyundai, Santro and Palio were displayed in a row, facing each such that
(1) Indica car was to the immediate right of Palio
(2) Palio was fourth to the right of Fiat
(3) Maruti car was between Qualis and Santro
(4) Fiat, which was third to the left of Qualis car, was at one of the ends
Which cars are on the immediate either sides of the Indica car?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below. In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Indica, Qualis, Fiat, Maruti, Hyundai, Santro and Palio were displayed in a row, facing each such that
(1) Indica car was to the immediate right of Palio
(2) Palio was fourth to the right of Fiat
(3) Maruti car was between Qualis and Santro
(4) Fiat, which was third to the left of Qualis car, was at one of the ends
Which of the following is definitely true?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below. In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Indica, Qualis, Fiat, Maruti, Hyundai, Santro and Palio were displayed in a row, facing each such that
(1) Indica car was to the immediate right of Palio
(2) Palio was fourth to the right of Fiat
(3) Maruti car was between Qualis and Santro
(4) Fiat, which was third to the left of Qualis car, was at one of the endsWhich of the following groups of cars is to the right of the Qualis car?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(1) Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in the first row of the class facing the teacher.
(2) D who is to the immediate left of F is second to the right of C.
(3) A is second to the right of E, who is at one of the ends.
(4) J is the immediate neighbour of A and B and third to the left of G.
(5) H is to the immediate left of D and third to the right of I.
Who is sitting in the middle of the row?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(1) Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in the first row of the class facing the teacher.
(2) D who is to the immediate left of F is second to the right of C.
(3) A is second to the right of E, who is at one of the ends.
(4) J is the immediate neighbour of A and B and third to the left of G.
(5) H is to the immediate left of D and third to the right of I.
Which of the following groups of friends is sitting to the right of G?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(1) Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in the first row of the class facing the teacher.
(2) D who is to the immediate left of F is second to the right of C.
(3) A is second to the right of E, who is at one of the ends.
(4) J is the immediate neighbour of A and B and third to the left of G.
(5) H is to the immediate of D and third to the right of I.Which of the following statements is true in the context of the above sitting arrangements?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(1) Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in the first row of the class facing the teacher.
(2) D who is to the immediate left of F is second to the right of C.
(3) A is second to the right of E, who is at one of the ends.
(4) J is the immediate neighbour of A and B and third to the left of G.
(5) H is to the immediate of D and third to the right of I.
If E and D, C and B, A and H and K and F interchange their positions, which of the following pairs of students is sitting at the ends?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(1) Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in the first row of the class facing the teacher.
(2) D who is to the immediate left of F is second to the right of C.
(3) A is second to the right of E, who is at one of the ends.
(4) J is the immediate neighbour of A and B and third to the left of G.
(5) H is to the immediate of D and third to the right of I.
In the above sitting arrangement, which of the following statements is superfluous?

Directions: The following question is based on the information given below:
(i) Seven books are placed one above the other, in a particular way.
(ii) History book is placed exactly above Civics book.
(iii) Geography book is fourth from the bottom and English book is fifth from the top.
(iv) There are two books in between Civics and Economics books.
How many books are there between Civics and Science books?
To answer this question, which other extra information is required, if any, from the following?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it:
(a) There are five friends.
(b) They are standing in a row facing South.
(c) Ajay is to the immediate right of Anand.
(d) Aruna is between Aarthi and Archana.
(e) Archana is between Ajay and Aruna.
Who is at the extreme left end?

Directions: The following question are based on the information given below:
(i) Seven books are placed one above the other, in a particular way.
(ii) History book is placed exactly above Civics book.
(iii) Geography book is fourth from the bottom and English book is fifth from the top.
(iv) There are two books in between Civics and Economics books.
Out of the following, which three books are kept above English book? To answer this question, which of the other informations, if any, is required?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it:
(a) There are five friends.
(b) They are standing in a row facing South.
(c) Ajay is to the immediate right of Anand.
(d) Aruna is between Aarthi and Archana.
(e) Archana is between Ajay and Aruna.
To find answers to the above questions, which of the given statements can be dispensed with?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follows:
(i) Eight persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table - two on each side.
(ii) There are three lady members and they are not seated next to each other.
(iii) J is between L and F.
(iv )G is between I and F.
(v) H, a lady member, is second to the left of J.
(vi) F, a male member is seated opposite E, a lady member.
(iv) There is a lady member between F and I.
How many persons are seated between K and F?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(a) Eight persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table- two on each side.
(b) There are three lady members and they are not seated next to each other.
(c) J is between L and F.
(d) G is between I and F.
(e) H, a lady member, is second to the left of J.
(f) F, a male member is seated opposite E, a lady member.
(g) There is a lady member between F and I.
Who among the following is seated between E and H?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(i) Eight persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table- two on each side.
(ii) There are three lady members and they are not seated next to each other.
(iii) J is between L and F.
(iv) G is between I and F.
(v) H, a lady member, is second to the left of J.
(vi) F, a male member is seated opposite E, a lady member.
(vii) There is a lady member between F and I.
Who among the following is to the immediate left of F?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(i) Eight persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table- two on each side.
(ii) There are three lady members and they are not seated next to each other.
(iii) J is between L and F.
(iv) G is between I and F.
(v) H, a lady member, is second to the left of J.
(vi) F, a male member is seated opposite E, a lady member.
(vii) There is a lady member between F and I.
Which of the following is true about J?

Directions: Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follow:
(i) Eight persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table- two on each side.
(ii) There are three lady members and they are not seated next to each other.
(iii) J is between L and F.
(iv) G is between I and F.
(v) H, a lady member, is second to the left of J.
(vi) F, a male member is seated opposite E, a lady member.
(vii) There is a lady member between F and I.
Who among the following are the three lady members?

Directions: Five women Saritha, Monica, Neeraja, Shruthi and Sunitha are married to Babu, Akhil, Raghu, Bhargav and Shyam but not in the same order. Match the right couples according to the following information.
(i) Names of one couple start with the same letter.
(ii) Akhil and Shyam are not Sunitha's or Saritha's husband.
(iii) Bhargav and Babu are not married to Monica and Neeraja.
(iv) Akhil is not married to Monica and Sunitha is not Babu's wife
Raghu and

Directions: Five women Saritha, Monica, Neeraja, Shruthi, and Sunitha are married to Babu, Akhil, Raghu, Bhargav and Shyam but not in the same order. Match the right couples according to the following information.
(i) Names of one couple start with the same letter.
(ii) Akhil and Shyam are not Sunitha's or Saritha's husband.
(iii) Bhargav and Babu are not married to Monica and Neeraja.
(iv) Akhil is not married to Monica and Sunitha is not Babu's wife.
Akhil and

Directions: Five women Saritha, Monica, Neeraja, Shruthi, and Sunitha are married to Babu, Akhil, Raghu, Bhargav and Shyam but not in the same order. Match the right couples according to the following information.
(i) Names of one couple start with the same letter.
(ii) Akhil and Shyam are not Sunitha's or Saritha's husband.
(iii) Bhargav and Babu are not married to Monica and Neeraja.
(iv) Akhil is not married to Monica and Sunitha is not Babu's wife.
Bhargav and

Directions: Five women Saritha, Monica, Neeraja, Shruthi, and Sunitha are married to Babu, Akhil, Raghu, Bhargav and Shyam but not in the same order. Match the right couples according to the following information.
(i) Names of one couple start with the same letter.
(ii) Akhil and Shyam are not Sunitha's or Saritha's husband.
(iii) Bhargav and Babu are not married to Monica and Neeraja.
(iv) Akhil is not married to Monica and Sunitha is not Babu's wife.
Babu and

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it. Seven friends Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Gaurav, Pritam and Priya are sitting in a circle. Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Pritam and Priya are sitting at equal distances from each other. Rohit is sitting two places right of Pritam who is sitting one place right of Amit. Kamla forms an angle of 90 degrees from Gaurav and an angle of 120 degrees from Manish. Manish is just opposite to Priya and sitting on the left of Gaurav.
Who is the only person sitting between Rohit and Manish?

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it. Seven friends Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Gaurav, Pritam and Priya are sitting in a circle. Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Pritam and Priya are sitting at equal distances from each other. Rohit is sitting two places right of Pritam who is sitting one place right of Amit. Kamla forms an angle of 90 degrees from Gaurav and an angle of 120 degrees from Manish. Manish is just opposite to Priya and sitting on the left of Gaurav.
Gaurav is not sitting at equal distances from

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it. Seven friends Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Gaurav, Pritam and Priya are sitting in a circle. Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Pritam and Priya are sitting at equal distances from each other. Rohit is sitting two places right of Pritam who is sitting one place right of Amit. Kamla forms an angle of 90 degrees from Gaurav and an angle of 120 degrees from Manish. Manish is just opposite to Priya and sitting on the left of Gaurav.
Which of the following statements is not correct?

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it. Seven friends Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Gaurav, Pritam and Priya are sitting in a circle. Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Pritam and Priya are sitting at equal distances from each other. Rohit is sitting two places right of Pritam who is sitting one place right of Amit. Kamla forms an angle of 90 degrees from Gaurav and an angle of 120 degrees from Manish. Manish is just opposite to Priya and sitting on the left of Gaurav.The angle between Gaurav and Manish in the clockwise direction is

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below it. Seven friends Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Gaurav, Pritam and Priya are sitting in a circle. Kamla, Manish, Rohit, Amit, Pritam and Priya are sitting at equal distances from each other. Rohit is sitting two places right of Pritam who is sitting one place right of Amit. Kamla forms an angle of 90 degrees from Gaurav and an angle of 120 degrees from Manish. Manish is just opposite to Priya and sitting on the left of Gaurav.
Gaurav is sitting ………….. of Priya.

What is the deep indebtedness of the present to the past?
(1) that eighty centuries have gone by without the people of Vera Cruz charging in any way
(2) that the present culture of Vera Cruz represents the highest point in a line of human experience that goes back to eighty centuries
(3) that the customs and traditions of Vera Cruz have withstood the passage of time

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Which of these statements is incorrect?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Which is the best way of distinguishing ivory which comes from various sources?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Why did Sravan Kumar say that the gall bladders had been taken out of pigs?
(i) Because pigs do not figure among the five schedules in the Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1973
(ii) Because he wanted to avoid prosecution
(iii) Because he did not consider it morally wrong to say so
(iv) Because he had bribed a forensic scientist to support his statements

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Which of the following are the assets of Vera Cruz?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

What was the legal dilemma?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Why did the airport police seek the authors' help?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Vera Cruz Means

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Who are the culprits to need to be punished?
(i) Poachers
(ii) Those who kill animals for their organs
(iii) Those who hunt protected animals for fun

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Which of the following statements is correct?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Why the gall bladders of bears are smuggled?

(i) Because they fetch lot of money

(ii) Because they are apparently useless

(iii) Because they are used for making drugs

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

What was the question that turned up during the investigations that followed the confiscation of gall bladders?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Sravan Kumar based his hopes on which of the following?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Mexican economy was beneficial through the natural resources of Vera Cruz after the Colonial economy had done so. This happens because of which of the following reasons?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Why were the porpoises leading in the channel?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Indian refers to

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Which of the following is not true according to the situation?

Directions: Study the situation given below to answer the question.
Satish Vrati's New Year resolution for the past three years has been the same; to buy a new house in New Delhi at the earliest. With every hike in salary, he would scramble through newspapers to find out good properties and housing loans. Meanwhile, he received conflicting advice about the pros and cons of owning a flat. If one friend pointed out the risk involved in leasing out the property. Another would say his money was being locked up without good returns. Vrati became indecisive.

With the cut in Cash Reserve Ration (CRR) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), many banks decided to trim interest rates for housing loans. But Vrati still wondered whether real estate was a safe investment. With the entry of corporate sector, the real estate sector has become reliable�, says Rajendra Varshney, chartered accountant and real estate adviser. Today,� it can compete with any available investment option.�

Why is it convenient for criminals to claim that the ivory has come from a legally valid source?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer these questions.
On November 26, 1993, the airport police caught a youth Sravan Kumar trying to smuggle 98 dried bear gall bladders out the country. They looked like shriveled black mangoes and no one but an expert could say that the weird looking things came from an animal. Even experts could falter in identifying the species of the animal the gall bladders came from. This if the gall bladders came from the Himalayan brown bear as the airport police suspected, then Sravan Kumar should have been prosecuted under the law. Actually, drugs made from bear gall bladder are used in Tibetan medicine as cures for various ailments including joint aches, rheumatism, cataracts, gall stones, cancer and even as aphrodisiacs. Since these drugs are highly reputed (despite their being actually useless), the intact gall bladders of bear sell in the international markets at phenomenal rates. This has caused poaching of bears and the consequent fall in bear population.

Sravan Kumar understood that he had been caught red-handed. The best way to circumvent the law was to deny that these were bear gall bladders. Consequently, he asserted that the gall bladders had been taken out from pigs and not from bears. Since pig is not protected species in the Act, Sravan Kumar could go scot free. He banked upon the fact that the gall bladders of large mammals look quite alike and extremely difficult to distinguish one from the other. In effect, the question belonged to pigs or to bears. It was at this state that the airport police asked for my help.

Despite common belief, forensic science doesn’t enter to solving murders, killings or assassinations. Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to solve any legal dispute. Since here the police did face a legal dilemma, forensic science could come to their rescue.
During recent years, the law enforcement agencies involved in protecting wildlife are increasingly turning to forensic sciences to bring the culprits to book. Protected animals are killed either because of false beliefs in the curative powers of medicines made form their body part or because of their valuable furs or hides or sometimes just for plain fun. Poaching of elephants for ivory is a common problem. But ivory comes from a number of sources (as many as fifteen), and often the criminals find it convenient to assert the ivory is illegal, trading in the ivory of now extinct mammoths and mastodons is totally legal (where there would hardly a point in making it illegal, since mammoths and mastodons are already extinct). These is synthetic ivory too, which is plastic like material. Whenever smugglers are caught with ivory, their standard answer is that the ivory is from a mammoth which is completely legal.

Gray area of scattered knowledge means

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Why did the sky glow real to pink?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

According to the situation, who is responsible for the interest on the housing loans given by the bank?

Directions: Study the situation given below to answer the question.
Satish Vrati's New Year resolution for the past three years has been the same; to buy a new house in New Delhi at the earliest. With every hike in salary, he would scramble through newspapers to find out good properties and housing loans. Meanwhile, he received conflicting advice about the pros and cons of owning a flat. If one friend pointed out the risk involved in leasing out the property. Another would say his money was being locked up without good returns. Vrati became indecisive.

With the cut in Cash Reserve Ration (CRR) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), many banks decided to trim interest rates for housing loans. But Vrati still wondered whether real estate was a safe investment. With the entry of corporate sector, the real estate sector has become reliable�, says Rajendra Varshney, chartered accountant and real estate adviser. Today,� it can compete with any available investment option.�

Why did author stand transfix at the rail?

Directions: Study the situation given below and answer the question.
IN VERACRUZ, during nearly two decades of research, I have come to realize the deep indebtedness of the present to the past. Even today, and usually unconsciously, the people of this only favoured state adhere to many customs and traditions that echo ancient ways. Their lives culminate an eighty century continuum of human experience.

In our understanding of Mesoamerican civilization, between the well known cultures of the Maya and of highland Mexico, the Gulf coast of Vera Cruz had remained a gray area of scattered knowledge. A multi- disciplinary scientific effort over the past 12 years was sought to fill in the gaps. We have traced the evolutionary chronology of Vera Cruz from an early hunting and gathering era through a remarkably artistic civilization known as EL Tajin, and beyond that society demise to Spanish conquest and the present day synthesis of Indian and European cultures.

Blessed in the vitality and diversity of its people, Vera Cruz profits also from fertile soils, abundant rainfall, a 450 mile long sea coast with harbours and excellent fishing, reserves of oil and natural gas. From the narrow coastal plain the land rises steeply through diverse ecological zones to glacier. Capped Orizaba, at 18,700 feet the third highest mountain in North America, after Mount McKinley and Moung Logan. A few score mile separate tropical shores from the dry, high plateau of central Mexico west of the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Cortes gave the name La Villa Rica De La Vera Cruz (Rich Villa of the True Cross) to the town he founded during Easter week in 1519. From that first formal European settlement of the New World mainland, Cortes marched inland with his Spanish adventures and Indian allies to conquer Aztec Mexicans. Thus, began the slow merging of Renaissance Europe and aboriginal America.

Vera Cruz city and region prospered. Commerce, ranching, fishing and sugarcane production contributed first to the colonial and then to the Mexican economy.

The preeminent modern resources are, of course, oil and natural gas. In northern Vera Cruz alone, the Chicontepec area hold almost 15 percent of Mexico estimated reserves. I remember, in the early sixties, driving from the state capital of Jalapa to the Totonac market town of Papantla. Riding the ferry across the Tecolutla River dark, I stood transfixed of the tail. Up- stream the sky, heavy with clouds, pulsated with color. It glowed red to pink, reflecting the burn-off of gas in oil fields known as the New Golden Lane. The scene was surrealistic spell bounding.

We changed past clusters of dugout canoes from which local fishermen cast their nets on the changing tide. In the channel, porpoises leaped as if in some aquatic celebration, fragments of the popular folk music known as los sones waited from the far shore. Harp and guitar in some small restaurant sent out these strains, which wove a graceful counterpart to the visual drama of man superscribed technology.

Which of the following is true according to the situation?

Directions: Study the situation given below to answer the question.
Satish Vrati's New Year resolution for the past three years has been the same; to buy a new house in New Delhi at the earliest. With every hike in salary, he would scramble through newspapers to find out good properties and housing loans. Meanwhile, he received conflicting advice about the pros and cons of owning a flat. If one friend pointed out the risk involved in leasing out the property. Another would say his money was being locked up without good returns. Vrati became indecisive.

With the cut in Cash Reserve Ration (CRR) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), many banks decided to trim interest rates for housing loans. But Vrati still wondered whether real estate was a safe investment. With the entry of corporate sector, the real estate sector has become reliable�, says Rajendra Varshney, chartered accountant and real estate adviser. Today,� it can compete with any available investment option.�

How would you describe Vrati’s friend’s response to his idea of buying a house?

Directions: Study the situation given below to answer the question.
Satish Vrati's New Year resolution for the past three years has been the same; to buy a new house in New Delhi at the earliest. With every hike in salary, he would scramble through newspapers to find out good properties and housing loans. Meanwhile, he received conflicting advice about the pros and cons of owning a flat. If one friend pointed out the risk involved in leasing out the property. Another would say his money was being locked up without good returns. Vrati became indecisive.

With the cut in Cash Reserve Ration (CRR) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), many banks decided to trim interest rates for housing loans. But Vrati still wondered whether real estate was a safe investment. With the entry of corporate sector, the real estate sector has become reliable�, says Rajendra Varshney, chartered accountant and real estate adviser. Today,� it can compete with any available investment option.�

The situation assumes that
I. New Year resolutions are the most reliable ones
II. a hike in salary leads to an urge to invest money
III. we must not seek other's advice while purchasing property

Directions: Study the situation given below to answer the question.
Satish Vrati's New Year resolution for the past three years has been the same; to buy a new house in New Delhi at the earliest. With every hike in salary, he would scramble through newspapers to find out good properties and housing loans. Meanwhile, he received conflicting advice about the pros and cons of owning a flat. If one friend pointed out the risk involved in leasing out the property. Another would say his money was being locked up without good returns. Vrati became indecisive.

With the cut in Cash Reserve Ration (CRR) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), many banks decided to trim interest rates for housing loans. But Vrati still wondered whether real estate was a safe investment. With the entry of corporate sector, the real estate sector has become reliable�, says Rajendra Varshney, chartered accountant and real estate adviser. Today,� it can compete with any available investment option.�

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Below is given a factual situation followed by several inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated above. You have to examine each inference separately and decide its degree of truth or false.
More than half of India is under forest cover.

Directions: Below is given a factual situation followed by several inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated above. You have to examine each inference separately and decide its degree of truth or false.
India is not very densely populated.

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Below is given a factual situation followed by several inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated above. You have to examine each inference separately and decide its degree of truth or false.
The productivity of world's forests is thrice that of India's forests.

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Below is given a factual situation followed by several inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated above. You have to examine each inference separately and decide its degree of truth or false.
The number of livestock population in India exceeds that of human population.

<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" small;="">Directions: Below is given a factual situation followed by several inferences that can be drawn from the facts stated above. You have to examine each inference separately and decide its degree of truth or false.
In terms of livestock population, India exceeds the six largest countries in the world.